#1
What is the basic premise of classical conditioning?
Associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned response
ExplanationNeutral stimulus paired with innate response
#2
Who introduced the concept of the hierarchy of needs in the context of motivation?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationHierarchy of human needs
#3
What is the role of the unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?
It elicits an unconditioned response without prior learning
ExplanationNaturally triggers innate response
#4
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the initial stage of learning a new stimulus-response relationship?
Acquisition
ExplanationInitial phase of conditioning
#5
Who is known for the development of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationNotable figure in operant conditioning
#6
In the context of classical conditioning, what is extinction?
The weakening of a conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is absent
ExplanationConditioned response fades without stimulus
#7
What is the primary focus of social learning theory?
Observational learning and modeling
ExplanationLearning through observation
#8
In the context of classical conditioning, what is spontaneous recovery?
The reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of rest
ExplanationSudden reappearance of conditioned response
#9
Who developed the concept of learned helplessness?
Martin Seligman
ExplanationResearcher in learned helplessness
#10
In operant conditioning, what is a fixed-ratio schedule?
Reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses
ExplanationReward after set number of actions
#11
What is the concept of shaping in operant conditioning?
Reinforcing behaviors that are closer to the desired behavior
ExplanationRewarding incremental progress towards goal
#12
What is the role of a discriminative stimulus in operant conditioning?
Indicates that a particular response will be followed by reinforcement
ExplanationSignal for forthcoming reward or punishment
#13
What is the process of generalization in classical conditioning?
The tendency to respond to stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus
ExplanationResponding to similar stimuli as if they're the same
#14
What is the concept of vicarious reinforcement in social learning theory?
Observing and imitating the consequences of others' behaviors
ExplanationLearning from others' experiences
#15
What is the process of habituation in learning?
The weakening of a conditioned response over time
ExplanationDecrease in response to repeated stimulus
#16
Who is associated with the concept of classical conditioning in the context of emotional responses?
Ivan Pavlov
ExplanationPioneer in classical conditioning