#1
What is the age limit for a person to be considered a juvenile in most countries?
18 years old
ExplanationMost countries consider individuals under 18 years old as juveniles.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a goal of the juvenile justice system?
Punishment
ExplanationJuvenile justice system aims to rehabilitate rather than punish.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to delinquency among juveniles?
Strict discipline
ExplanationStrict discipline isn't typically considered a factor in juvenile delinquency.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a common disposition for juvenile offenders?
Incarceration in adult prison
ExplanationIncarceration in adult prison is not a common disposition for juvenile offenders.
#5
What is the name of the landmark case that established the 'parens patriae' doctrine in juvenile justice?
In re Gault
ExplanationIn re Gault case established 'parens patriae' doctrine, emphasizing the state's role as guardian of minors.
#6
What is the primary focus of restorative justice in the context of juvenile offenders?
Rehabilitation and reconciliation
ExplanationRestorative justice aims for rehabilitation and reconciliation rather than punishment.
#7
What is the term for a legal process where a juvenile case is moved to the adult court system?
Transfer
ExplanationTransfer refers to moving a juvenile case to the adult court system.
#8
In which year was the first juvenile court established in the United States?
1839
ExplanationFirst juvenile court in the US was established in 1839.
#9
What is the purpose of diversion programs within the juvenile justice system?
To prevent future criminal behavior
ExplanationDiversion programs aim to prevent future criminal behavior among juveniles.
#10
Which principle underlines the idea of treating juvenile offenders differently from adult offenders?
Best interest of the child
ExplanationTreating juveniles differently is based on the principle of acting in their best interest.
#11
What is the term for a document that outlines the consequences for violating the terms of probation or parole?
Revocation order
ExplanationRevocation order outlines consequences for violating probation or parole terms.
#12
Which of the following is a key principle of the Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) model?
Victim restoration
ExplanationBARJ emphasizes victim restoration as a key principle.
#13
Which Supreme Court case ruled that the death penalty cannot be applied to juveniles?
Roper v. Simmons
ExplanationRoper v. Simmons case ruled out the application of the death penalty to juveniles.