#1
Which of the following is a core characteristic of a job that influences motivation?
Job autonomy
ExplanationJob autonomy influences motivation by providing freedom and independence.
#2
Which of the following is a component of the Job Characteristics Model?
Skill variety
ExplanationSkill variety is a component of the Job Characteristics Model.
#3
Which of the following theories suggests that individuals are motivated by a desire to satisfy needs and that these needs exist in a hierarchy?
Hierarchy of needs theory
ExplanationHierarchy of needs theory suggests that individuals are motivated by a desire to satisfy needs arranged in a hierarchy.
#4
What is the term used to describe the theory that suggests individuals are motivated to minimize the differences between themselves and others in terms of rewards for work?
Equity theory
ExplanationEquity theory suggests individuals are motivated to minimize differences in rewards for work.
#5
Which theory emphasizes the importance of three factors: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence?
Expectancy theory
ExplanationExpectancy theory emphasizes the importance of expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.
#6
Which of the following theories suggests that motivation is influenced by the perceived fairness of outcomes compared to inputs?
Equity theory
ExplanationEquity theory suggests motivation is influenced by perceived fairness of outcomes compared to inputs.
#7
According to the Job Characteristics Model, which of the following is not a critical psychological state?
Knowledge of performance
ExplanationKnowledge of performance is not a critical psychological state according to the Job Characteristics Model.
#8
In the Job Characteristics Model, which core job characteristic refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work?
Task identity
ExplanationTask identity refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work in the Job Characteristics Model.
#9
According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which of the following factors are considered hygiene factors?
Company policies
ExplanationCompany policies are considered hygiene factors in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory.
#10
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need is considered the highest level need?
Self-actualization needs
ExplanationSelf-actualization needs are considered the highest level need in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
#11
According to the Job Characteristics Model, which core job characteristic refers to the degree to which a job provides freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual performing the work?
Autonomy
ExplanationAutonomy refers to the degree to which a job provides freedom, independence, and discretion in the Job Characteristics Model.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model?
Work-life balance
ExplanationWork-life balance is not a component of the Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model.
#13
According to the Job Characteristics Model, which of the following is a moderator that influences the strength of the relationships between core job characteristics and critical psychological states?
Individual differences
ExplanationIndividual differences influence the strength of the relationships between core job characteristics and critical psychological states in the Job Characteristics Model.
#14
What does the expectancy theory propose as a key factor influencing motivation?
Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence
ExplanationExpectancy, instrumentality, and valence are key factors influencing motivation according to the expectancy theory.