#1
Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of psychology?
To control behavior
ExplanationThe primary goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict, and influence behavior.
#2
Who is often referred to as the 'father of psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationWilhelm Wundt is considered the 'father of psychology' for establishing the first psychology laboratory in 1879.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a component of the scientific method?
Intuition
ExplanationIntuition is not a formal component of the scientific method, which relies on systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis.
#4
Which type of psychology focuses on how people learn, remember, and perceive information?
Cognitive psychology
ExplanationCognitive psychology explores mental processes, including learning, memory, and perception.
#5
What is the name of the theory that suggests behavior is influenced by unconscious thoughts, desires, and memories?
Psychoanalysis
ExplanationPsychoanalysis, developed by Freud, posits that unconscious factors shape human behavior.
#6
What does the term 'nature vs. nurture' refer to in psychology?
The debate between biological and environmental influences on behavior
ExplanationNature vs. nurture explores the impact of biology and environment on human traits and behavior.
#7
Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is a neurotransmitter linked to pleasure, reward, and motivation.
#8
What is the term for the tendency to favor information that confirms our existing beliefs or hypotheses?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationConfirmation bias is the inclination to favor information supporting pre-existing beliefs.
#9
What is the main focus of social psychology?
The study of group behavior and interpersonal relationships
ExplanationSocial psychology explores how individuals behave in groups and interact in interpersonal relationships.
#10
Who conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment, which demonstrated classical conditioning in humans?
John B. Watson
ExplanationJohn B. Watson conducted the 'Little Albert' experiment, illustrating classical conditioning principles.
#11
Which brain structure is responsible for regulating basic survival functions such as heart rate and breathing?
Hypothalamus
ExplanationThe hypothalamus regulates essential functions like heart rate and breathing, ensuring survival.
#12
Who developed the concept of 'self-actualization' as a central theme in humanistic psychology?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow introduced 'self-actualization' as a key concept in humanistic psychology.
#13
What is the term for a sudden, usually temporary, recurrence of previously repressed feelings or thoughts?
Regression
ExplanationRegression refers to the sudden reappearance of previously repressed feelings or thoughts, typically temporary.
#14
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory?
Morality vs. immorality
ExplanationErikson's psychosocial stages don't include a stage specifically named 'Morality vs. immorality.'
#15
What term describes the phenomenon where people in a group tend to exert less effort when working collectively compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing is the tendency for individuals to exert less effort in a group setting than when working alone.