#1
Which term refers to the tendency to prioritize information that confirms preexisting beliefs or hypotheses?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationFavoring information that supports existing beliefs.
#2
What is a primary factor contributing to the bystander effect?
Diffusion of responsibility
ExplanationPeople feel less responsible to act in a group, leading to decreased likelihood of intervention.
#3
Which psychological concept refers to the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?
Projection
ExplanationProjecting one's own emotions onto others.
#4
Which factor is most likely to influence conformity in unfamiliar social situations?
Group size
ExplanationThe number of people in a group affecting the likelihood of conformity.
#5
What term describes the phenomenon where people tend to overestimate the extent to which others share their beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes?
False consensus effect
ExplanationBelieving others share one's own viewpoints more than they actually do.
#6
In unfamiliar social situations, what does the concept of 'social facilitation' suggest?
Performance on simple tasks improves when in the presence of others
ExplanationEnhanced performance in simple tasks due to the presence of others.
#7
In the context of unfamiliar situations, what is a common effect of cognitive dissonance?
Reduced discomfort by altering beliefs
ExplanationAdjusting beliefs to reduce internal conflict.
#8
What is a potential drawback of groupthink in unfamiliar situations?
Suppression of dissenting opinions
ExplanationConformity leads to a lack of diverse perspectives.
#9
What does the 'halo effect' suggest about our perceptions in unfamiliar situations?
One's overall positive impression influences judgments of specific traits
ExplanationPositive overall impression impacting specific trait judgments.
#10
Which factor is often associated with the phenomenon of deindividuation?
Anonymity within a group
ExplanationLoss of individual identity in a group, often facilitated by anonymity.
#11
In unfamiliar situations, what does the 'mere exposure effect' suggest about our attitudes?
Repeated exposure to stimuli increases liking
ExplanationGrowing fondness for something due to repeated exposure.