#1
Which of the following is a primary factor influencing cognitive abilities?
Genetics
ExplanationGenetics plays a significant role in shaping cognitive abilities.
#2
Who introduced the concept of 'mental age'?
Alfred Binet
ExplanationAlfred Binet introduced the concept of 'mental age' in intelligence testing.
#3
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences in shaping personality and behavior?
Psychoanalysis
ExplanationPsychoanalysis highlights unconscious conflicts and early experiences in personality development.
#4
Which brain structure is primarily associated with the consolidation of long-term memories?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of long-term memories.
#5
Who developed the concept of 'emotional intelligence'?
Daniel Goleman
ExplanationDaniel Goleman is credited with developing the concept of emotional intelligence.
#6
Which psychological perspective focuses on how people perceive, think, and solve problems?
Cognitive psychology
ExplanationCognitive psychology centers on understanding perception, thought processes, and problem-solving.
#7
Who developed the concept of 'social learning theory'?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura developed the concept of social learning theory.
#8
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationHoward Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences.
#9
What is the Flynn effect associated with?
Rise in IQ scores over generations
ExplanationThe Flynn effect refers to the rise in IQ scores across generations.
#10
What is the term for the phenomenon where a person's performance decreases when being watched?
Choking under pressure
ExplanationChoking under pressure refers to a decline in performance due to scrutiny.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a component of Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?
Intuitive intelligence
ExplanationIntuitive intelligence is not a part of Sternberg's triarchic theory.
#12
Who developed the theory of cognitive development known as schema theory?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationJean Piaget developed the schema theory of cognitive development.
#13
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing cognitive aging?
Diet
ExplanationDiet is not considered a factor in cognitive aging.
#14
What is the term for the tendency to rely on previously learned solutions, even if they are not the most efficient, in problem-solving?
Functional fixedness
ExplanationFunctional fixedness is the tendency to stick to familiar solutions, ignoring potentially better ones.
#15
Which neurotransmitter is associated with learning and memory?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine is linked to learning and memory processes.
#16
According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, which component of intelligence involves the ability to understand and manage oneself effectively?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationEmotional intelligence is the aspect related to self-awareness and self-regulation.
#17
What is the name of the cognitive bias where people overestimate their own abilities and fail to recognize their incompetence?
Dunning-Kruger effect
ExplanationThe Dunning-Kruger effect refers to overestimation of one's abilities and ignorance of incompetence.
#18
Who proposed the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence?
Raymond B. Cattell
ExplanationRaymond B. Cattell proposed the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence.
#19
In psychology, what does the term 'executive functions' refer to?
Cognitive processes responsible for decision-making and goal-directed behavior
ExplanationExecutive functions refer to cognitive processes guiding decision-making and goal pursuit.
#20
In the context of intelligence testing, what does the acronym 'WAIS' stand for?
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
ExplanationWAIS stands for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.
#21
Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner's original multiple intelligences?
Technological intelligence
ExplanationTechnological intelligence is not among Gardner's original multiple intelligences.