#1
Which of the following cognitive abilities tends to decline with age?
Working memory
ExplanationThe ability to temporarily hold and manipulate information declines with age.
#2
Which type of memory involves the recollection of personal experiences and events?
Episodic memory
ExplanationMemory for specific events and personal experiences.
#3
Which type of memory involves the retention and retrieval of general knowledge and facts?
Semantic memory
ExplanationMemory for facts, concepts, and general knowledge.
#4
What is the term for the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions and those of others?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationThe capacity to recognize, understand, and manage emotions effectively.
#5
Which theory suggests that as people age, they shift their cognitive focus from acquiring new knowledge to applying what they already know?
Selective optimization with compensation theory
ExplanationFocus on optimizing performance in areas of strength while compensating for declines in others.
#6
What is the term for the ability to solve problems, adapt to new situations, and think abstractly?
Fluid intelligence
ExplanationThe capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations.
#7
What is the term for the ability to use accumulated knowledge and experience in appropriate situations?
Crystalized intelligence
ExplanationThe ability to apply previously acquired knowledge and skills.
#8
Which type of memory typically remains relatively stable or even improves with age?
Semantic memory
ExplanationRetention and retrieval of general knowledge and facts tends to remain stable.
#9
What is the term for the phenomenon where older adults focus more on positive emotional experiences and memories?
Socioemotional selectivity
ExplanationTendency to prioritize emotionally meaningful goals and experiences as one ages.
#10
What is the term for the ability to process and interpret social information?
Social cognition
ExplanationCapacity to perceive, process, and utilize social information effectively.
#11
Which neurotransmitter is associated with memory and tends to decline with age?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationA neurotransmitter crucial for learning and memory functions, declining with age.
#12
Which area of cognitive function is typically the last to decline in aging?
Language processing
ExplanationAbility to comprehend and produce language often remains intact in aging.