#1
Which intellectual movement emphasized reason, science, and skepticism of traditional beliefs in the 17th and 18th centuries?
Enlightenment
ExplanationIntellectual movement focusing on reason, science, and skepticism in the 17th and 18th centuries.
#2
What intellectual movement, emerging in the 16th century, emphasized the revival of classical learning, literature, and art?
Renaissance
ExplanationIntellectual movement emphasizing the revival of classical learning, literature, and art in the 16th century.
#3
Who is considered the 'Father of Modern Economics' and wrote 'An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations'?
Adam Smith
ExplanationConsidered the 'Father of Modern Economics,' authored 'An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.'
#4
Who was the French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher known for Cartesian coordinates and contributions to analytical geometry?
René Descartes
ExplanationFrench mathematician, physicist, and philosopher known for Cartesian coordinates and contributions to analytical geometry.
#5
Which Enlightenment philosopher is known for his advocacy of tolerance, separation of powers, and contributions to the Encyclopédie?
Voltaire
ExplanationEnlightenment philosopher known for advocating tolerance, separation of powers, and contributions to the Encyclopédie.
#6
Who is often considered the father of modern philosophy and a key figure in the Enlightenment?
René Descartes
ExplanationConsidered the father of modern philosophy and a key figure in the Enlightenment.
#7
Which work by Thomas Hobbes discusses the social contract and the need for a strong central authority to avoid a 'state of nature'?
Leviathan
ExplanationHobbes' work discussing the social contract and the need for a strong central authority.
#8
Who was the author of 'The Prince,' a political treatise that examines the acquisition and maintenance of political power?
Machiavelli
ExplanationAuthor of 'The Prince,' examining the acquisition and maintenance of political power.
#9
Which movement, characterized by ornate and extravagant artistic style, flourished in the 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe?
Baroque
ExplanationArtistic movement characterized by ornate style, flourishing in 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe.
#10
Which scientific revolution figure formulated the laws of planetary motion and made significant contributions to the field of astronomy?
Johannes Kepler
ExplanationScientific revolution figure formulating laws of planetary motion and contributing to astronomy.
#11
Who wrote 'The Spirit of the Laws,' which explored the separation of powers and influenced the development of modern political theory?
Montesquieu
ExplanationAuthor of 'The Spirit of the Laws,' exploring the separation of powers and influencing modern political theory.
#12
Which Enlightenment philosopher is known for his treatise 'A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge' and his views on empiricism?
David Hume
ExplanationEnlightenment philosopher known for empiricism and 'A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge.'
#13
Who authored 'The Social Contract,' a work discussing the concept of a social contract and the idea of the 'general will'?
Rousseau
ExplanationAuthor of 'The Social Contract,' discussing social contract and the 'general will' concept.
#14
Which philosopher, known for his 'Cogito, ergo sum' (I think, therefore I am), played a pivotal role in the development of modern Western philosophy?
Descartes
ExplanationPhilosopher known for 'Cogito, ergo sum' and pivotal role in modern Western philosophy.
#15
Who wrote 'The Leviathan' and argued for a social contract based on people's inherent self-interest and the need for a strong central authority?
Thomas Hobbes
ExplanationAuthor of 'The Leviathan,' arguing for a social contract based on self-interest and a strong central authority.