#1
Which of the following is a key factor influencing prenatal development?
Genetics
ExplanationGenetics plays a crucial role in shaping the development of an individual during the prenatal stage.
#2
During which stage of development do children typically begin to develop language skills?
Infancy
ExplanationLanguage skills typically begin to develop during the infancy stage of human development.
#3
What term refers to the process by which people learn the norms and behaviors of their culture?
Socialization
ExplanationSocialization is the process by which individuals learn the norms and behaviors of their culture.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory?
Ego vs. Superego
ExplanationEgo vs. Superego is not a stage in Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory.
#5
Which of the following is an example of a teratogen?
Alcohol
ExplanationAlcohol is an example of a teratogen, which can negatively impact fetal development during pregnancy.
#6
What is the term for the process by which unused connections in the brain atrophy and die?
Pruning
ExplanationPruning is the process by which unused connections in the brain atrophy and die, contributing to neural efficiency.
#7
Which theory of human development emphasizes the importance of social interactions in learning?
Social learning theory
ExplanationSocial learning theory highlights the significant role of social interactions in the learning and development of individuals.
#8
What is the term for the period of physical and sexual maturation during adolescence?
Puberty
ExplanationPuberty refers to the period of physical and sexual maturation that occurs during adolescence.
#9
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs can be addressed?
Physiological needs
ExplanationAccording to Maslow, physiological needs must be satisfied first before addressing higher-level needs in the hierarchy.
#10
What term describes the tendency to favor one's own group over others?
In-group bias
ExplanationIn-group bias refers to the tendency to favor one's own group over others.
#11
Which developmental psychologist proposed the theory of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson proposed the theory of psychosocial development, emphasizing the interplay of social and psychological factors.
#12
What is the term for the belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task?
Self-efficacy
ExplanationSelf-efficacy is the belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish tasks.
#13
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing cognitive development according to Piaget's theory?
Imprinting
ExplanationImprinting is not a factor influencing cognitive development according to Piaget's theory.
#14
Who proposed the socio-cultural theory of development, emphasizing the role of culture in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky proposed the socio-cultural theory of development, highlighting the impact of culture on cognitive development.
#15
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary developmental task during adolescence?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationThe primary developmental task during adolescence, according to Erik Erikson, is resolving the conflict between identity and role confusion.
#16
Which of the following is NOT one of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems?
Chronosystem
ExplanationChronosystem is not one of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems; it refers to the dimension of time in an individual's environment.
#17
What is the term for the process by which individuals adjust their schemas to new information?
Accommodation
ExplanationAccommodation is the process by which individuals adjust their mental schemas to incorporate new information.