#1
At what age do infants typically start to smile responsively?
1-2 months
ExplanationResponsive smiling typically emerges in infants around 1-2 months of age.
#2
What is the term for the process by which infants form strong emotional ties with their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationThe process by which infants form strong emotional ties with their primary caregiver is termed attachment.
#3
What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person?
Empathy
ExplanationEmpathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.
#4
What is the term for the process by which infants actively seek to maintain proximity to their caregiver?
Attachment behavior
ExplanationThe process by which infants actively seek to maintain proximity to their caregiver is termed attachment behavior.
#5
What term describes the emotional bond between siblings?
Sibling attachment
ExplanationThe emotional bond between siblings is described as sibling attachment.
#6
Who proposed the theory of attachment in infants?
John Bowlby
ExplanationThe theory of attachment in infants was proposed by John Bowlby.
#7
What is the term used to describe an infant's fear of strangers, which typically emerges around 6-8 months of age?
Stranger anxiety
ExplanationStranger anxiety refers to an infant's fear of strangers, commonly emerging around 6-8 months of age.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of secure attachment in infants?
Avoidance of caregiver
ExplanationAvoidance of the caregiver is not a characteristic of secure attachment in infants.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a type of attachment style proposed by Mary Ainsworth?
Resistant attachment
ExplanationResistant attachment is not one of the attachment styles proposed by Mary Ainsworth.
#10
Which hormone is associated with bonding and attachment in both infants and adults?
Oxytocin
ExplanationOxytocin is the hormone associated with bonding and attachment in both infants and adults.
#11
According to Bowlby, what is the critical period for the development of attachment in infants?
First 2 years of life
ExplanationAccording to Bowlby, the critical period for attachment development in infants is the first 2 years of life.
#12
Which developmental psychologist proposed the concept of the 'Strange Situation' to assess attachment in infants?
Mary Ainsworth
ExplanationThe concept of the 'Strange Situation' to assess attachment in infants was proposed by Mary Ainsworth.
#13
According to attachment theory, what is the primary function of the caregiver in the infant's life?
To serve as a secure base
ExplanationThe primary function of the caregiver in the infant's life, according to attachment theory, is to serve as a secure base.
#14
Which developmental psychologist introduced the concept of 'internal working models' as a part of attachment theory?
John Bowlby
ExplanationJohn Bowlby introduced the concept of 'internal working models' as a part of attachment theory.
#15
According to attachment theory, which factor contributes most to the development of secure attachment in infants?
Consistent and responsive caregiving
ExplanationAccording to attachment theory, consistent and responsive caregiving contributes most to the development of secure attachment in infants.