#1
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals seek to satisfy basic needs before progressing to higher-level needs?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
ExplanationHierarchy of needs, starting with basic and progressing to higher-level needs.
#2
Which hormone is often referred to as the 'stress hormone' and plays a role in the body's fight-or-flight response?
Cortisol
ExplanationCortisol is the 'stress hormone' involved in the fight-or-flight response.
#3
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with pleasure and reward in the brain?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is associated with pleasure and reward in the brain.
#4
Which of the following is a primary factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes?
All of the above
ExplanationVarious factors contribute to Type 2 diabetes, as listed.
#5
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals in a group exert less effort compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing is the phenomenon of reduced effort in group settings compared to individual work.
#6
According to self-determination theory, which of the following is not a basic psychological need?
Wealth
ExplanationWealth is not considered a basic psychological need in self-determination theory.
#7
According to the Health Belief Model, which factor influences an individual's decision to adopt a health behavior?
All of the above
ExplanationVarious factors, as listed, influence health behavior adoption in the Health Belief Model.
#8
Which of the following is not a component of Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory?
Drive reduction
ExplanationDrive reduction is not a component of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.
#9
What term describes the process by which individuals evaluate their own abilities and performance?
Self-evaluation
ExplanationSelf-evaluation is the process of assessing one's abilities and performance.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of intrinsic motivation?
Autonomy
ExplanationAutonomy is a characteristic of intrinsic motivation.
#11
What concept refers to the psychological discomfort that arises when one's beliefs or behaviors conflict with one another?
Cognitive dissonance
ExplanationCognitive dissonance is the discomfort from conflicting beliefs or behaviors.
#12
According to the Transtheoretical Model, in which stage of change does an individual intend to take action within the next month?
Preparation
ExplanationPreparation stage involves intending to take action within the next month in the Transtheoretical Model.
#13
Which psychological theory emphasizes the importance of a sense of belongingness and social connections for human motivation?
Attachment Theory
ExplanationAttachment Theory emphasizes the role of belongingness and social connections in human motivation.
#14
What theory of motivation suggests that individuals are driven to reduce the discrepancy between their actual and ideal selves?
Self-discrepancy theory
ExplanationSelf-discrepancy theory suggests motivation to reduce the gap between actual and ideal selves.
#15
According to the 'Self-Determination Theory,' what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, relatedness, and competence
ExplanationSelf-Determination Theory identifies autonomy, relatedness, and competence as basic psychological needs driving human behavior.