#1
Who proposed the Psychoanalytic Theory of Human Development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson introduced the Psychoanalytic Theory of Human Development.
#2
Who is known for the Social Learning Theory and the concept of observational learning?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura is known for the Social Learning Theory and the concept of observational learning.
#3
Who developed the Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development, extending and modifying Erikson's original stages?
James Marcia
ExplanationJames Marcia extended and modified Erikson's stages, creating the Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development.
#4
Who is credited with the concept of 'sociocultural theory' emphasizing the role of culture and social interaction in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky is credited with the 'sociocultural theory,' emphasizing culture and social interaction in cognitive development.
#5
Who developed the psychosocial theory of identity development, introducing identity statuses such as 'identity diffusion' and 'identity achievement'?
James Marcia
ExplanationJames Marcia developed the psychosocial theory of identity development, introducing identity statuses like 'identity diffusion' and 'identity achievement'.
#6
In which stage of Erikson's Psychosocial Development does a person typically experience the crisis of Identity vs. Role Confusion?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationThe crisis of Identity vs. Role Confusion occurs in Erikson's Psychosocial Development during adolescence.
#7
According to Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory, during which stage do children develop the ability to think logically and understand conservation?
Concrete Operational
ExplanationChildren develop logical thinking and conservation skills during Piaget's Concrete Operational stage.
#8
Which theorist is associated with the idea of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky is associated with the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in cognitive development.
#9
According to Erikson, what is the central conflict in the stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
ExplanationThe central conflict in Erikson's Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage is the struggle for independence and self-control.
#10
Which stage in Piaget's theory is characterized by the ability to think abstractly and hypothetically?
Formal Operational
ExplanationThe Formal Operational stage in Piaget's theory involves the ability to think abstractly and hypothetically.
#11
According to Erikson, what is the central conflict in the stage of Generativity vs. Stagnation?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
ExplanationThe central conflict in Erikson's Generativity vs. Stagnation stage involves contributing to society and avoiding a sense of stagnation.
#12
Who proposed the Hierarchy of Needs in the context of human motivation and development?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow introduced the Hierarchy of Needs as a framework for understanding human motivation and development.
#13
According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, which level involves making decisions based on avoiding punishment and seeking personal reward?
Preconventional Level
ExplanationThe Preconventional Level in Kohlberg's Theory involves moral decision-making based on avoiding punishment and seeking personal reward.
#14
Which psychologist proposed the ecological systems theory emphasizing the influence of the environment on development?
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ExplanationUrie Bronfenbrenner proposed the ecological systems theory, emphasizing the impact of the environment on development.
#15
In Piaget's theory, what is the term for the process of adjusting existing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?
Accommodation
ExplanationAccommodation in Piaget's theory refers to adjusting cognitive structures to incorporate new information.
#16
Who introduced the concept of the 'self' and the 'looking glass self' in social development?
Charles Horton Cooley
ExplanationCharles Horton Cooley introduced the concepts of 'self' and 'looking glass self' in social development.
#17
In Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, which level involves adherence to social rules and approval of others as a motivation for moral behavior?
Conventional Level
ExplanationThe Conventional Level in Kohlberg's Theory involves moral behavior motivated by adherence to social rules and approval of others.