#1
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationSigmund Freud is credited as the father of psychoanalysis, pioneering the exploration of the unconscious mind.
#2
Which psychologist proposed the theory of cognitive development known as 'schema theory'?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationJean Piaget is associated with 'schema theory,' focusing on the cognitive structures individuals use to organize and interpret information.
#3
Which developmental theorist is associated with the concept of 'emotional intelligence'?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationHoward Gardner is linked to the concept of 'emotional intelligence,' emphasizing the ability to perceive, understand, and manage emotions.
#4
Which developmental theorist is known for his work on the stages of moral development?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationLawrence Kohlberg is recognized for his work on the stages of moral development, categorizing ethical reasoning into distinct levels and stages.
#5
Who developed the theory of attachment, emphasizing the importance of early relationships with caregivers?
John Bowlby
ExplanationJohn Bowlby developed the theory of attachment, emphasizing the critical role of early relationships with caregivers in emotional and social development.
#6
Which stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory occurs during infancy?
Trust vs. Mistrust
ExplanationTrust vs. Mistrust is the stage in Erikson's theory occurring during infancy, where the development of basic trust is crucial.
#7
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, what is the highest level of moral development?
Postconventional
ExplanationPostconventional is the highest level of moral development in Kohlberg's theory, characterized by principled reasoning and ethical decision-making.
#8
What is the central concept in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Self-actualization
ExplanationSelf-actualization is the central concept in Maslow's hierarchy, representing the fulfillment of one's potential and personal growth.
#9
Which theory emphasizes the influence of culture and social factors on human development?
Ecological systems theory
ExplanationEcological systems theory underscores the impact of culture and social contexts on human development, exploring multiple environmental levels.
#10
What is the main focus of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory?
Observational learning
ExplanationThe main focus of Bandura's social cognitive theory is observational learning, highlighting the impact of modeling and imitation on behavior.
#11
Who proposed the concept of the 'zone of proximal development' in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky introduced the 'zone of proximal development,' emphasizing the range of tasks a learner can perform with help, fostering cognitive growth.
#12
In which stage of Erik Erikson's theory do individuals face the conflict of 'Generativity vs. Stagnation'?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
ExplanationGenerativity vs. Stagnation is the stage in Erikson's theory where individuals grapple with contributing to society or experiencing stagnation.
#13
According to John Bowlby's attachment theory, what is the critical period for forming attachments in infants?
12-18 months
ExplanationIn Bowlby's attachment theory, the critical period for forming attachments in infants is identified as 12-18 months.
#14
Who introduced the concept of 'identity crisis' in the context of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson introduced the concept of 'identity crisis,' highlighting the challenges individuals face in forming a cohesive self-identity.
#15
Who developed the theory of psychosocial development for the entire lifespan, including eight stages from infancy to old age?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson formulated the theory of psychosocial development, covering eight stages from infancy to old age, exploring challenges and conflicts at each stage.