#1
Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development theory is associated with the conflict of Trust vs. Mistrust?
Trust vs. Mistrust
ExplanationInfancy stage focused on establishing a foundation of trust in caregivers.
#2
Who proposed the Cognitive Developmental Theory, emphasizing stages like Sensorimotor and Formal Operational?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationPiaget introduced stages of cognitive development, from sensory exploration to abstract thinking.
#3
What is the main emphasis of the Psychosocial Crisis in Erikson's theory of human development?
Social relationships
ExplanationErikson's theory centers on resolving social and identity challenges in each life stage.
#4
In Piaget's theory, during which stage do children acquire the ability to think logically and understand abstract concepts?
Formal operational stage
ExplanationAbstract thinking and logical reasoning develop during this stage of cognitive development.
#5
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of the Hierarchy of Needs, consisting of physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationMaslow's hierarchy prioritizes human needs in a pyramid, from basic survival to self-fulfillment.
#6
In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need must be satisfied before moving on to the next level?
Physiological
ExplanationBasic needs like food and shelter must be met before addressing higher-level needs.
#7
According to Freud, what is the term for the part of the mind that contains repressed memories and desires?
Unconscious
ExplanationThe hidden part of the mind where suppressed memories and desires reside.
#8
What is the main focus of the Humanistic perspective in psychology?
Self-actualization and personal growth
ExplanationHumanism emphasizes individuals' innate drive for personal growth and fulfillment.
#9
According to Kohlberg, which level of moral development is characterized by a concern for maintaining social order and obeying authority?
Conventional
ExplanationAdherence to social norms and authority in moral decision-making.
#10
According to the Attachment Theory, what is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Secure base
ExplanationThe caregiver serves as a secure base for the child's exploration and development.
#11
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationVygotsky emphasized the range where learners can grow with guidance from a knowledgeable person.
#12
Who proposed the Social Learning Theory, emphasizing observational learning and modeling?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationBandura highlighted learning through observation and imitation of others.
#13
What is the primary focus of Erikson's stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion?
Forming a clear sense of self
ExplanationAdolescents work on establishing their identity and role in society.
#14
In which stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory does the Oedipus or Electra complex typically occur?
Phallic stage
ExplanationChildren experience unconscious conflicts related to sexuality and parent relationships.
#15
Which theorist is known for the concept of the Ecological Systems Theory, emphasizing the influence of various systems on human development?
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ExplanationBronfenbrenner highlighted the impact of multiple environmental systems on development.