#1
What is the central issue in the nature vs. nurture debate?
Whether genetics or environment has a greater impact on development
ExplanationDebate between genetic and environmental influences on development.
#2
Which of the following is an example of a nature influence on development?
Genetics
ExplanationInfluence of inherent traits and genetics on development.
#3
Which of the following best describes 'nurture' in the nature vs. nurture debate?
Environmental influences on development
ExplanationImpact of external factors on individual development.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a nurture influence on development?
Temperament
ExplanationTemperament shaped by environmental factors and experiences.
#5
Which theorist is associated with the idea of the 'tabula rasa' or 'blank slate'?
John Locke
ExplanationJohn Locke proposed the concept of the 'blank slate' for human development.
#6
The 'still face experiment' is used to study:
Attachment in infants
ExplanationStudy of infant attachment through a controlled social interaction.
#7
What does the term 'critical period' refer to in human development?
A specific time during development when particular events have a profound and enduring effect
ExplanationCritical time frame where certain experiences have lasting impacts.
#8
Who proposed the concept of 'sensitive periods' in development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky introduced the notion of sensitive developmental phases.
#9
Which developmental psychologist is known for his theory of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson developed the theory of psychosocial stages.
#10
In the context of the nature vs. nurture debate, what does 'interactionist' perspective suggest?
Both nature and nurture interact to influence development
ExplanationDevelopment influenced by a combination of genetics and environment.
#11
Which of the following is a characteristic of 'nativist' theories of development?
They emphasize the role of genetics and biology
ExplanationNativist theories prioritize innate biological influences.
#12
What is the heritability estimate for intelligence in adulthood, according to twin studies?
50%
ExplanationApproximately half of intelligence variation is attributed to genetics.
#13
According to the concept of epigenetics, what influences gene expression?
Both DNA sequences and environmental factors
ExplanationGene expression modulated by both genetic and environmental factors.