#1
Which of the following is a primary stage of prenatal development?
Embryonic
ExplanationEmbryonic stage involves the formation of major organs and systems.
#2
What is the term for the period of rapid physical and sexual maturation during adolescence?
Puberty
ExplanationPuberty is the phase of rapid physical and sexual development in adolescence.
#3
What is the term for the cessation of the menstrual cycle, marking the end of a woman's reproductive years?
Menopause
ExplanationMenopause marks the end of reproductive capability in women.
#4
What is the term for the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information over time?
Memory
ExplanationMemory involves the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information over time.
#5
Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial theory occurs during the first year of life and is centered around the conflict of 'Trust vs. Mistrust'?
Trust vs. Mistrust
ExplanationTrust vs. Mistrust is the first stage, involving the development of basic trust in infancy.
#6
In Freud's psychosexual theory, which stage is associated with the development of the Oedipus or Electra complex?
Phallic stage
ExplanationThe Phallic stage is associated with the Oedipus or Electra complex.
#7
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs, such as esteem and self-actualization?
Physiological needs
ExplanationPhysiological needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs in Maslow's hierarchy.
#8
In Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary challenge during the stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion'?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationDuring this stage, individuals struggle to form a stable sense of self.
#9
According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is characterized by the ability to think logically about abstract concepts?
Formal Operational
ExplanationFormal Operational stage involves abstract and logical thinking.
#10
What is the term for the process by which a fertilized egg attaches itself to the lining of the uterus?
Implantation
ExplanationImplantation is the attachment of the fertilized egg to the uterine lining.
#11
During which stage of psychosocial development, according to Erikson, do individuals face the conflict of 'Integrity vs. Despair'?
Late adulthood
ExplanationLate adulthood involves reflecting on life and achieving a sense of integrity or experiencing despair.
#12
During which prenatal stage do major organs and systems begin to form?
Embryonic stage
ExplanationMajor organs and systems begin to form during the embryonic stage of prenatal development.
#13
What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person?
Empathy
ExplanationEmpathy is the capacity to understand and share others' feelings.
#14
What is the term for the ability to solve problems and adapt to the environment?
Intelligence
ExplanationIntelligence is the capacity to solve problems and adapt to the environment.
#15
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationAttachment is the emotional connection between an infant and caregiver.
#16
What is the term for the process of aging-related decline in the body's functioning?
Senescence
ExplanationSenescence refers to the gradual decline in physiological functioning associated with aging.
#17
Which theorist proposed the Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development, including stages like Trust vs. Mistrust and Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson introduced the Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development.
#18
In Piaget's theory, what is the term for the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen or touched?
Object permanence
ExplanationObject permanence is the awareness that objects exist independently of perception.
#19
Which attachment style is characterized by anxiety about being rejected and difficulty trusting others?
Ambivalent attachment
ExplanationAmbivalent attachment involves anxiety about rejection and trust issues.
#20
Which of the following is a major criticism of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Lack of emphasis on social factors
ExplanationPiaget's theory is criticized for not sufficiently addressing the role of social factors in cognitive development.
#21
Which of the following is a major theorist associated with the socio-cultural perspective on human development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky is a major theorist of the socio-cultural perspective on human development.