#1
Which stage of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development involves the use of logic and reasoning to solve problems?
Formal operational stage
ExplanationLogical reasoning and problem-solving characterize the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory.
#2
What is the term for the process by which memories are encoded, stored, and retrieved?
Memory consolidation
ExplanationMemory consolidation refers to the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving memories.
#3
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with the regulation of emotions, particularly fear and aggression?
Amygdala
ExplanationThe amygdala is the brain region primarily linked to regulating emotions, especially fear and aggression.
#4
What term describes the mental process of repeating information to retain it in short-term memory?
Rehearsal
ExplanationRehearsal is the cognitive process of repeating information to maintain it in short-term memory.
#5
What is the term for the process of developing and maintaining social relationships, including family, friends, and peers?
Socialization
ExplanationSocialization encompasses the process of forming and maintaining social relationships, spanning family, friends, and peers.
#6
In Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary developmental task during the stage of intimacy vs. isolation?
Intimacy vs. isolation
ExplanationThe primary developmental task in the intimacy vs. isolation stage of Erikson's psychosocial theory is establishing intimate relationships while avoiding isolation.
#7
Who proposed the socio-cultural theory of cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky is the theorist behind the socio-cultural theory of cognitive development.
#8
Which term describes the mental process of rearranging and modifying existing schemas to incorporate new information?
Accommodation
ExplanationAccommodation is the cognitive process of adjusting existing schemas to integrate new information.
#9
According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary developmental task during adolescence?
Identity vs. role confusion
ExplanationAdolescence's primary developmental task is resolving identity vs. role confusion, as per Erikson's psychosocial theory.
#10
What is the term for the mental process of focusing conscious awareness on a specific stimulus while ignoring others?
Selective attention
ExplanationSelective attention involves concentrating on a specific stimulus while disregarding others in the environment.
#11
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that there are eight different types of intelligence?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationHoward Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences, recognizing eight distinct types of intelligence.
#12
Who is known for proposing the stages of moral development, which include preconventional, conventional, and postconventional morality?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationLawrence Kohlberg is the theorist behind the stages of moral development, including preconventional, conventional, and postconventional morality.
#13
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals become so deeply engaged in an activity that they lose track of time and their surroundings?
Flow
ExplanationFlow is the state of deep engagement where individuals lose awareness of time and surroundings during an activity.
#14
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Inferential morality
ExplanationInferential morality is not one of the stages in Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development.