#1
Which theorist is associated with the concept of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson is associated with psychosocial development.
#2
According to Erik Erikson, what is the main task of the 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' stage?
Forming a stable sense of self
ExplanationThe main task of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' is forming a stable sense of self.
#3
Which psychologist proposed the theory of attachment?
John Bowlby
ExplanationJohn Bowlby proposed the theory of attachment.
#4
What is the term for the period during which a child develops a close, emotional bond with their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationThe period of developing a close bond with the primary caregiver is termed 'attachment'.
#5
Which developmental psychologist proposed the theory of 'Zone of Proximal Development'?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky proposed the theory of Zone of Proximal Development.
#6
What is the term for the stage in Erik Erikson's theory where the main task is to develop a sense of initiative?
Initiative vs. Guilt
ExplanationThe main task in the 'Initiative vs. Guilt' stage is developing a sense of initiative.
#7
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Unconventional
Explanation'Unconventional' is not a stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral development.
#8
In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what is the term for the process of changing existing schemas to accommodate new information?
Accommodation
ExplanationThe process of changing schemas to accommodate new information is called accommodation in Piaget's theory.
#9
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development?
Latency
Explanation'Latency' is not a stage in Freud's psychosexual theory.
#10
According to Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, which level of the environment includes the immediate interactions a person has with others?
Microsystem
ExplanationThe microsystem includes immediate interactions a person has with others in Bronfenbrenner's theory.
#11
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Lev Vygotsky's theory of socio-cultural development?
Formal Operations
Explanation'Formal Operations' is not a stage in Vygotsky's theory of socio-cultural development.
#12
In the context of socioemotional selectivity theory, what do older adults prioritize in social interactions?
Maintaining emotional closeness
ExplanationOlder adults prioritize maintaining emotional closeness in social interactions according to socioemotional selectivity theory.
#13
Which of the following is a criticism of Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
It neglects the influence of culture
ExplanationOne criticism of Erikson's theory is its neglect of cultural influence.
#14
What is the term for the mental representations of the self and others based on cultural and social expectations?
Self-schema
ExplanationMental representations based on cultural and social expectations are termed 'self-schema'.
#15
According to Jean Piaget, what is the term for the belief that one's thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique and not shared by others?
Egocentrism
ExplanationThe belief that one's thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique and not shared by others is termed 'egocentrism' by Piaget.
#16
Which psychologist proposed the ecological systems theory, emphasizing the interaction between individuals and their environment?
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ExplanationUrie Bronfenbrenner proposed the ecological systems theory emphasizing interaction between individuals and their environment.
#17
Which theorist is known for his research on the importance of attachment in early childhood?
John Bowlby
ExplanationJohn Bowlby is known for his research on the importance of attachment in early childhood.