#1
Who is considered the founder of modern psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationEstablished the first psychology laboratory.
#2
Who proposed the theory of classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
ExplanationDemonstrated associative learning in dogs through salivation.
#3
What is the name of the gland often referred to as the 'master gland' because it controls the functions of other glands in the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
ExplanationRegulates other glands through hormone secretion.
#4
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs in human motivation?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationHierarchy of needs from basic physiological to self-actualization.
#5
Who is known for establishing the first psychology laboratory in the world?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationPioneer in experimental psychology.
#6
Who is considered the father of behaviorism?
John B. Watson
ExplanationStressed observable behavior as the subject matter of psychology.
#7
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts in behavior?
Psychodynamic perspective
ExplanationFocuses on unconscious processes and early childhood experiences.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a method of psychological research?
Telepathy
ExplanationNot a scientifically recognized method; pertains to supernatural phenomena.
#9
Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationStudied consequences of behavior for learning.
#10
Which perspective in psychology focuses on how people perceive, process, and retrieve information?
Cognitive perspective
ExplanationEmphasizes mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem-solving.
#11
Which psychological perspective emphasizes free will, self-actualization, and the importance of choice in human behavior?
Humanistic perspective
ExplanationFocuses on human potential and individuality.
#12
Which of the following is a key concept in Freudian psychoanalytic theory?
Id, ego, and superego
ExplanationRepresent different aspects of personality and operate at various levels of consciousness.
#13
What does the 'nature vs. nurture' debate in psychology refer to?
The role of genetics versus environmental influences on behavior
ExplanationControversy over the relative importance of genetic inheritance versus environmental factors.
#14
Who conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment, demonstrating classical conditioning in humans?
John B. Watson
ExplanationConditioned fear response in a child to a neutral stimulus.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a component of the scientific method used in psychological research?
Introspection
ExplanationEarly method focusing on self-reporting, not empirical observation.
#16
Who introduced the concept of the 'cognitive map' in psychology?
Edward Tolman
ExplanationStudied rats' cognitive processes in mazes.
#17
Which of the following is a key concept in the social learning theory proposed by Albert Bandura?
Self-efficacy
ExplanationBelief in one's ability to perform actions to achieve desired outcomes.