#1
Which of the following is a common symptom of heart failure?
Persistent coughing
ExplanationOften due to fluid buildup in the lungs.
#2
Which chamber of the heart is most commonly affected by heart failure?
Left ventricle
ExplanationResponsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for heart failure?
Regular exercise
ExplanationRegular exercise is beneficial for heart health.
#4
What is the term used to describe fluid accumulation in the lungs, which is a common manifestation of heart failure?
Pulmonary edema
ExplanationResults in difficulty breathing and coughing.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a common treatment approach for managing heart failure?
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) surgery
ExplanationPAD surgery is unrelated to heart failure treatment.
#6
What is the primary mechanism that leads to heart failure?
Decreased blood flow to the heart
ExplanationLeads to insufficient oxygen supply to heart muscles.
#7
Which of the following imaging tests is commonly used to diagnose heart failure?
Ultrasound
ExplanationProvides detailed images of heart structure and function.
#8
Which symptom is characteristic of right-sided heart failure?
Peripheral edema
ExplanationDue to fluid retention in the body's extremities.
#9
Which classification system is commonly used to categorize heart failure based on symptoms and functional limitations?
New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification
ExplanationClassifies heart failure severity based on symptoms.
#10
Which hormone is commonly elevated in heart failure and contributes to sodium and water retention?
Aldosterone
ExplanationLeads to fluid retention and increased blood pressure.
#11
What is the typical ejection fraction range seen in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
10-20%
ExplanationIndicates reduced pumping ability of the heart.
#12
Which medication is commonly used in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) to reduce mortality and hospitalizations?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
ExplanationImproves heart function and reduces strain on the heart.
#13
Which of the following is a potential complication of advanced heart failure?
Pulmonary embolism
ExplanationOccurs when a blood clot travels to the lungs.
#14
What is the primary goal of treatment in chronic heart failure management?
To improve quality of life
ExplanationEnhances well-being and symptom control.
#15
Which of the following lifestyle modifications is recommended for patients with heart failure?
Smoking cessation
ExplanationReduces cardiovascular risk factors.