#1
What is the primary goal of healthcare economics?
To maximize healthcare profits
To allocate healthcare resources efficiently
To minimize patient care costs
To increase physician salaries
#2
Which of the following is a factor affecting healthcare demand?
Healthcare provider preferences
Government regulations
Patient income
Population density
#3
What is the purpose of medical malpractice insurance?
To compensate patients for medical errors
To protect healthcare providers from lawsuits
To regulate medical licensing
To fund medical research
#4
What is a common measure of healthcare quality?
Patient satisfaction surveys
Number of hospital beds
Cost of medical equipment
Healthcare provider salaries
#5
Which of the following is NOT a type of healthcare expenditure?
Operational costs of healthcare facilities
Patient out-of-pocket expenses
Government subsidies for medical research
Physician salaries
#6
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a free-market healthcare system?
Limited government intervention
Patient choice
Universal healthcare coverage
Competition among healthcare providers
#7
What is adverse selection in healthcare economics?
When healthy individuals are more likely to purchase insurance
When sick individuals are more likely to purchase insurance
When insurance companies offer coverage to all applicants
When insurance premiums decrease over time
#8
Which risk management technique involves transferring the financial risk of an adverse event to another party?
Risk avoidance
Risk retention
Risk transfer
Risk reduction
#9
What is cost-effectiveness analysis used for in healthcare economics?
To compare the costs of different medical treatments
To determine the profit margin of healthcare providers
To calculate the market share of pharmaceutical companies
To evaluate the quality of healthcare facilities
#10
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a capitation payment system?
Providers are paid a fixed amount per patient
Encourages cost-effective care
Shifts financial risk to healthcare providers
Provides unlimited reimbursement for services
#11
What is moral hazard in the context of healthcare economics?
When individuals change their behavior due to being insured
When individuals refuse medical treatment
When healthcare costs decrease
When healthcare providers refuse to treat uninsured patients
#12
In healthcare economics, what does the term 'elasticity' refer to?
The ability of healthcare providers to stretch their resources
The responsiveness of healthcare demand to price changes
The ratio of healthcare expenditures to GDP
The flexibility of healthcare regulations
#13
Which economic concept refers to the situation where one party has more information than the other party in a transaction?
Market equilibrium
Asymmetric information
Price discrimination
Monopoly power
#14
What is meant by the term 'provider-induced demand' in healthcare economics?
When healthcare providers artificially inflate the prices of medical services
When healthcare providers refer patients to unnecessary medical procedures to generate more revenue
When healthcare providers refuse to treat patients with pre-existing conditions
When healthcare providers offer discounts to uninsured patients
#15
In healthcare economics, what is meant by 'cost-shifting'?
When healthcare providers reduce their costs by outsourcing services to other countries
When healthcare providers shift the financial burden of treating uninsured patients to insured patients
When healthcare providers increase their prices to cover the costs of medical research
When healthcare providers transfer patients from one facility to another for cost-saving purposes