#1
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Tuckman's model of group development?
Breaking
ExplanationBreaking is not a stage in Tuckman's model of group development.
#2
Which concept suggests that individuals from minority groups may conform to majority views even when they disagree?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity suggests individuals from minority groups may conform to majority views despite disagreement.
#3
Which term refers to the tendency for group members to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members?
Group polarization
ExplanationGroup polarization refers to group members making decisions more extreme than their initial inclinations.
#4
Which term refers to the process of individuals conforming to the majority opinion or behavior in a group?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity refers to individuals conforming to majority opinion or behavior in a group.
#5
Which term refers to the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively on a task compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to individuals exerting less effort when working collectively compared to individually.
#6
Which theory suggests that individuals seek to maximize their own rewards and minimize their costs in a relationship?
Exchange Theory
ExplanationExchange Theory suggests individuals seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs in relationships.
#7
What is the term for the phenomenon in which group members tend to make riskier decisions than individuals would on their own?
Risk shift
ExplanationRisk shift refers to group members making riskier decisions than individuals would alone.
#8
What term describes the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively on a task?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to individuals exerting less effort when working collectively on a task.
#9
According to the social identity theory, what is the process by which individuals categorize themselves and others as members of specific social groups?
Social categorization
ExplanationSocial categorization is the process of individuals categorizing themselves and others into specific social groups, as per social identity theory.
#10
According to social identity theory, what psychological process occurs when individuals derive their identity and self-esteem from the groups to which they belong?
Social identification
ExplanationSocial identification occurs when individuals derive identity and self-esteem from belonging to groups, as per social identity theory.
#11
What term describes the tendency for group members to exert less effort when working collectively on a task compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing is the tendency for group members to exert less effort collectively than individually.
#12
According to social identity theory, what is one way individuals enhance their self-esteem?
By making social comparisons with out-group members
ExplanationIndividuals enhance self-esteem through social comparisons with out-group members, as per social identity theory.
#13
What is the term for the tendency of group members to withhold dissenting views in order to maintain group harmony?
Groupthink
ExplanationGroupthink refers to group members withholding dissenting views to maintain harmony.
#14
What is the term for the tendency of individuals to exert more effort when working in a group than when working alone?
Social facilitation
ExplanationSocial facilitation refers to individuals exerting more effort when working in a group than alone.
#15
Which term describes the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity?
Deindividuation
ExplanationDeindividuation describes the loss of self-awareness and restraint in group situations fostering arousal and anonymity.
#16
Which phenomenon occurs when group discussion leads to more extreme decisions than those made by individuals prior to the discussion?
Group polarization
ExplanationGroup polarization occurs when group discussion leads to more extreme decisions than individuals' initial inclinations.
#17
What is the term for the tendency of individuals to lose self-awareness and restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity?
Deindividuation
ExplanationDeindividuation refers to individuals losing self-awareness and restraint in group situations fostering arousal and anonymity.