#1
Which of the following is an example of a primary group?
Family
ExplanationClose-knit, intimate groups where individuals have strong emotional bonds.
#2
What does the term 'group cohesion' refer to?
The degree to which group members are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group
ExplanationThe bond that holds a group together, influencing members' commitment and unity.
#3
Which theory suggests that individuals compare their own opinions and abilities to those of others in a social group?
Social comparison theory
ExplanationPeople evaluate their beliefs and abilities by comparing themselves with others.
#4
What is the concept of 'groupthink'?
A group's tendency to make decisions without considering alternatives or analyzing consequences
ExplanationThe desire for harmony or conformity in a group results in irrational decision-making.
#5
What is the bystander effect in group behavior?
The tendency for individuals to be less likely to help a victim when others are present
ExplanationPeople are less likely to intervene in emergencies when others are present.
#6
Which factor influences social loafing?
Group size
ExplanationThe larger the group, the more likely individuals will exert less effort.
#7
What is social facilitation?
The tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others
ExplanationEnhanced performance of simple tasks due to the presence of others.
#8
Which theory suggests that people have both personal identities and social identities?
Social identity theory
ExplanationIndividuals categorize themselves and others into social groups, influencing behavior.
#9
According to Tuckman's stages of group development, what is the correct order of stages?
Forming, storming, norming, performing
ExplanationThe stages a group goes through: initial formation, conflict, cohesion, and effective performance.
#10
What is the concept of 'deindividuation'?
The tendency for individuals to lose self-awareness and behave in ways they normally wouldn't when part of a group
ExplanationLoss of self-awareness and individual accountability in a group, leading to unconventional behavior.
#11
Which factor is associated with group polarization?
Informational influence
ExplanationThe sharing of new information or arguments intensifies group attitudes.
#12
What is the difference between normative and informational influence?
Normative influence is based on the desire to be liked, while informational influence is based on the desire to be correct.
ExplanationConforming to gain approval versus conforming because of the belief that others are correct.
#13
What is group polarization?
The tendency for groups to make more extreme decisions than the initial inclinations of their members
ExplanationGroup discussion leads to the adoption of more extreme positions than initially held.
#14
Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-performance team?
Clear goals and roles
ExplanationTeams with clearly defined objectives and member responsibilities.