#1
What does GINA stand for in the context of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act?
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
ExplanationAcronym for the law preventing genetic discrimination.
#2
Which landmark legislation influenced the development of GINA and provided momentum for its enactment?
Human Genome Project Act
ExplanationInfluential act: Human Genome Project Act.
#3
In which year was the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) signed into law?
2008
ExplanationThe year when GINA was enacted.
#4
What is the primary aim of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)?
To prevent discrimination based on genetic information
ExplanationMain goal: stop discrimination related to genetic data.
#5
Which U.S. government agencies enforce the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)?
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
ExplanationResponsible agency: EEOC.
#6
What sectors are covered by GINA's protection against genetic discrimination?
Employment and health insurance
ExplanationProtected areas: employment and health insurance.
#7
Which of the following is exempt from GINA's protection against genetic discrimination?
Employers with fewer than 15 employees
ExplanationExempt: small employers with <15 employees.
#8
Which amendment to GINA in 2009 expanded its protections?
GINA Amendments Act
ExplanationExpanding law: GINA Amendments Act (2009).
#9
Which of the following is protected under GINA as 'genetic information'?
Medical history of an individual's family members
ExplanationIncluded: family medical histories as genetic data.
#10
In the context of GINA, what is the term for treating individuals unfairly based on their genetic information?
Genetic discrimination
ExplanationUnfair treatment due to genetic data.
#11
Under GINA, when is it permissible to request an individual's genetic information?
For academic research purposes
ExplanationAllowed: for academic research.
#12
What penalties may be imposed for violating GINA?
Civil fines and criminal charges
ExplanationPossible penalties: civil fines and criminal charges.
#13
What specific types of genetic information are protected under GINA?
Information about an individual's predisposition to cancer
ExplanationProtected data: predisposition to cancer.
#14
In the context of GINA, what does the term 'genetic monitoring' refer to?
Monitoring an individual's genetic makeup through continuous testing
ExplanationDefinition: continuous genetic makeup monitoring.