#1
Which of the following is NOT one of the primary perspectives in psychology?
Sociological
ExplanationIt is a sociological perspective, not psychological.
#2
Who is often referred to as the 'Father of Psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationWilhelm Wundt is widely regarded as the 'Father of Psychology'.
#3
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is primarily associated with pleasure and reward in the brain.
#4
What is the process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved in memory called?
Memory
ExplanationIt is called memory, the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
#5
Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationB.F. Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning.
#6
Which part of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as reasoning and problem-solving?
Frontal lobe
ExplanationThe frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions like reasoning and problem-solving.
#7
What is the main function of the amygdala in the brain?
Emotional responses
ExplanationThe amygdala primarily regulates emotional responses in the brain.
#8
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs theory in psychology?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs theory in psychology.
#9
Who conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment, demonstrating classical conditioning in humans?
John B. Watson
ExplanationJohn B. Watson conducted the 'Little Albert' experiment.
#10
What term refers to the tendency to favor information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationIt is confirmation bias, the tendency to favor confirming evidence.
#11
Who proposed the theory of psychosocial development, which includes stages such as trust vs. mistrust and identity vs. role confusion?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson proposed the theory of psychosocial development.
#12
Which neurotransmitter is associated with the fight-or-flight response?
Epinephrine
ExplanationEpinephrine is associated with the fight-or-flight response in the body.
#13
What is the phenomenon called when individuals in a group tend to exert less effort when working collectively compared to when they work individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationIt is known as social loafing, a group phenomenon.
#14
Which brain structure plays a key role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms?
Hypothalamus
ExplanationThe hypothalamus plays a key role in regulating sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms.
#15
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the process of gradually weakening a conditioned response by repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus?
Extinction
ExplanationIt is extinction, the weakening of a conditioned response.
#16
Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits?
Cynicism
ExplanationCynicism is not one of the Big Five personality traits.
#17
Who developed the concept of 'cognitive dissonance,' which refers to the psychological discomfort that arises from holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes?
Leon Festinger
ExplanationLeon Festinger developed the concept of 'cognitive dissonance'.