#1
Which of the following is a fundamental concept in psychology?
Behavior
ExplanationFundamental concept focusing on actions and reactions.
#2
Who is often referred to as the 'father of psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationPioneer who established the first psychology laboratory.
#3
What is the main focus of developmental psychology?
Understanding how people change and grow over time
ExplanationStudy of changes and growth over time.
#4
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs theory?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationHierarchy of human needs proposed by a psychologist.
#5
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationPsychologist proposing multiple intelligences theory.
#6
Who is known for his research on obedience to authority, particularly the Milgram experiment?
Stanley Milgram
ExplanationResearcher famous for obedience studies.
#7
Which area of psychology focuses on the study of personality?
Personality psychology
ExplanationPsychological domain studying individual traits.
#8
Who introduced the concept of 'self-actualization'?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationPsychologist introducing self-fulfillment concept.
#9
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of 'self-efficacy'?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationPsychologist linked to self-belief concept.
#10
Who proposed the theory of cognitive development known as 'sociocultural theory'?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationPsychologist associated with sociocultural development theory.
#11
Which research method involves observing and recording behavior without interference?
Naturalistic observation
ExplanationObservation method without manipulation.
#12
What is the main advantage of using experimental research in psychology?
It allows for the study of cause-and-effect relationships
ExplanationFacilitates understanding of cause-and-effect relationships.
#13
Which of the following is a key component of classical conditioning?
Association
ExplanationAssociation between stimuli in learning.
#14
What is the primary difference between the id, ego, and superego according to Freudian psychoanalytic theory?
They are three parts of the mind that interact to control behavior and personality
ExplanationThree components controlling behavior and personality.
#15
What does the term 'schema' refer to in cognitive psychology?
A mental framework for organizing and interpreting information
ExplanationMental framework for information interpretation.
#16
What is the concept of 'confirmation bias' in psychology?
The tendency to only seek out information that confirms pre-existing beliefs
ExplanationTendency to seek confirming evidence for beliefs.
#17
What is the primary focus of evolutionary psychology?
Understanding how natural selection has shaped behavior and cognition
ExplanationStudy of behavior and cognition shaped by natural selection.
#18
Who proposed the psychosexual stages of development?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationPsychologist who proposed psychosexual stages.
#19
What does the 'Hawthorne effect' refer to in psychology?
The tendency for participants to change their behavior in response to being studied
ExplanationParticipants altering behavior due to being observed.
#20
What is the primary focus of social cognitive theory?
The interaction between individual characteristics, behavior, and environmental factors
ExplanationFocus on individual traits, behavior, and environment interaction.
#21
What does the 'Yerkes-Dodson law' propose?
The relationship between arousal and performance
ExplanationRelation between arousal and performance levels.
#22
What does the 'self-serving bias' refer to in psychology?
The tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and failures to external factors
ExplanationTendency to credit success internally and failure externally.
#23
What does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to in psychology?
The discomfort caused by holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes
ExplanationDiscomfort from conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
#24
In the context of social psychology, what does the term 'groupthink' refer to?
The tendency of a group to prioritize harmony and consensus over critical thinking
ExplanationGroup's preference for harmony over critical thought.
#25
What does the 'Weber's law' state in psychology?
The just noticeable difference between two stimuli is proportional to the magnitude of the stimuli
ExplanationPerceptual law stating relation between stimulus magnitude and difference.