#1
What is the basic purpose of conditional statements in programming?
To make decisions and execute code based on conditions
ExplanationConditional statements allow the execution of different code blocks based on specified conditions.
#2
Which data type is used to store whole numbers in programming?
Integer
ExplanationIntegers are used to represent whole numbers without any decimal points in programming.
#3
What is the purpose of the 'const' keyword in programming?
To declare a constant variable
ExplanationThe 'const' keyword is used to declare variables as constants, indicating that their values cannot be changed after initialization.
#4
What is the role of a constructor in object-oriented programming?
To initialize objects
ExplanationA constructor is a special method in a class that is called when an object is created, and it is used to initialize the object's attributes.
#5
What does the term 'algorithm' refer to in the context of programming?
A step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem
ExplanationAn algorithm is a defined set of instructions or steps to solve a specific problem in programming.
#6
In programming, what is the purpose of the 'return' statement in a function?
To return a value from the function
ExplanationThe 'return' statement is used to send a value back from a function to its caller.
#7
In object-oriented programming, what is encapsulation?
A process of hiding the implementation details of an object and exposing only the necessary functionalities
ExplanationEncapsulation involves bundling the data and methods that operate on the data within a single unit, protecting the internal details of an object.
#8
What is the purpose of the 'try', 'catch', and 'finally' blocks in exception handling?
To handle errors and exceptions
ExplanationThese blocks are used in exception handling to try a block of code, catch and handle exceptions, and execute code regardless of whether an exception occurs.
#9
What is the difference between procedural and object-oriented programming?
The organization of code and data into objects
ExplanationProcedural programming focuses on procedures or routines, while object-oriented programming organizes code and data into objects that interact with each other.
#10
What is a stack in the context of data structures?
A linear data structure with a Last In, First Out (LIFO) order
ExplanationA stack is a data structure where the last element added is the first one to be removed, following the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle.
#11
In programming, what does the term 'scope' refer to?
The visibility and accessibility of variables
ExplanationScope defines the region of the program where a variable is accessible, indicating its visibility and lifespan.
#12
What is the primary function of a pointer in programming?
To store memory addresses
ExplanationPointers in programming are variables that store memory addresses, enabling dynamic memory allocation and manipulation.
#13
What is the significance of the 'this' keyword in object-oriented programming?
Refers to the current instance of the object
ExplanationThe 'this' keyword is used to refer to the current instance of the object within which it is called in object-oriented programming.
#14
What is a design pattern in software development?
A common solution to a recurring problem in a specific context
ExplanationA design pattern is a reusable and general solution to a frequently occurring problem in software design.
#15
What is the purpose of the 'super' keyword in object-oriented programming?
Refers to the superclass or parent class
ExplanationThe 'super' keyword is used to refer to the superclass or parent class of the current object in object-oriented programming.
#16
What is polymorphism in object-oriented programming?
The ability of an object to take on multiple forms
ExplanationPolymorphism allows objects of different types to be treated as objects of a common type, providing flexibility and extensibility in object-oriented programming.
#17
What is the purpose of the 'extern' keyword in C programming?
To link external libraries
ExplanationThe 'extern' keyword in C is used to declare a variable or function that is defined in another file or library.
#18
What is the Big-O notation used for in algorithms?
To analyze and describe the efficiency of an algorithm
ExplanationBig-O notation is a mathematical notation used to describe the upper bound on the growth rate of an algorithm's time or space complexity.