Fundamentals of Human Development Quiz

Freud proposed psychosexual stages of development, emphasizing the role of sexuality in personality development.

Piaget's sensorimotor stage occurs from birth to about 2 years, characterized by sensory exploration and object permanence.

Reflexes are innate responses to stimuli that are controlled by the spinal cord, not requiring conscious thought.

Erikson proposed a theory of psychosocial development, highlighting conflicts at each stage from infancy to old age.

Secure attachment is characterized by trust and comfort in the presence of a primary caregiver, forming a secure base for exploration.

Toilet training refers to the process of teaching children to control their bowel and bladder functions, typically during toddlerhood.

Erikson's integrity vs. despair stage involves reflecting on one's life with satisfaction or regret.

The embryo stage is characterized by rapid cell division and organ formation in the first eight weeks of pregnancy.

Pruning is the brain's process of eliminating unused neural connections to optimize efficiency.

Kohlberg proposed stages of moral development, progressing from obedience to universal ethical principles.

Initiative vs. guilt is the conflict faced by preschool-aged children, balancing exploration and responsibility.

Conservation abilities emerge during Piaget's concrete operational stage, typically occurring around ages 7 to 11.

Bowlby proposed attachment theory, emphasizing the importance of early bonds with caregivers in emotional development.

The embryonic stage, occurring from about week 3 to week 8 after conception, is marked by rapid cell differentiation and organ development.

Vygotsky introduced the concept of the zone of proximal development, highlighting the range of tasks a learner can perform with guidance.

Acceptance is not one of Kübler-Ross's stages of grief, which include denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage involves exploring personal identity and social roles during adolescence.

Kohlberg developed stages of moral development, focusing on moral reasoning from childhood to adulthood.

Neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons in the brain, crucial for learning and memory.

Vygotsky is credited with the theory of the zone of proximal development, emphasizing learning within a child's potential.

Vygotsky emphasized the role of social interaction and cultural context in cognitive development.

Adaptation is not one of Kübler-Ross's stages of grief, which include denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that physiological needs like food and shelter must be met before higher-level needs such as self-actualization.

Adolescence vs. adulthood is not a stage in Erikson's theory; his stages include trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame, etc.

Vygotsky developed sociocultural theory, emphasizing the role of cultural interactions in cognitive development.