#1
What is the primary goal of clinical psychology research?
To understand and improve mental health
ExplanationClinical psychology research aims to enhance our understanding of mental health and contribute to its improvement.
#2
In clinical psychology research, what does the term 'reliability' refer to?
Consistency and stability of measurement
ExplanationReliability in clinical psychology research pertains to the consistency and stability of measurement tools and procedures.
#3
What is a double-blind study in clinical psychology research?
A study where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is in the experimental or control group
ExplanationIn a double-blind study, both participants and researchers are unaware of group assignments, minimizing bias in results.
#4
Which statistical test is appropriate for comparing the means of two independent groups in clinical psychology research?
Independent samples t-test
ExplanationThe independent samples t-test is used to compare means between two independent groups in clinical psychology research.
#5
In clinical psychology, what is the purpose of using standardized assessments?
To account for individual differences in measurement
ExplanationStandardized assessments in clinical psychology help account for individual differences, ensuring consistent and comparable measurements across participants.
#6
Which research design involves studying a group of individuals over an extended period to observe changes over time?
Longitudinal design
ExplanationThe longitudinal design observes individuals over time, allowing researchers to track changes and developments.
#7
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
To control for confounding variables
ExplanationRandom assignment helps ensure that confounding variables are equally distributed among experimental groups, enhancing internal validity.
#8
Which of the following is a qualitative research method commonly used in clinical psychology?
Case study
ExplanationCase studies, a qualitative method, are commonly employed in clinical psychology to provide in-depth insights into individual cases.
#9
What is a confounding variable in research, and why is it important to control for it?
A variable that may interfere with the interpretation of results
ExplanationConfounding variables can distort research outcomes; controlling for them is crucial to ensure accurate interpretation of results.
#10
Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable in a psychological experiment?
The variable expected to change as a result of the manipulation
ExplanationThe dependent variable in an experiment is the outcome that is expected to change based on the experimental manipulation.
#11
What is the purpose of a meta-analysis in clinical psychology research?
To analyze data from multiple studies to draw overall conclusions
ExplanationMeta-analysis involves analyzing data from multiple studies to draw comprehensive conclusions and identify patterns across research.
#12
Which statistical measure is used to determine the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables?
Correlation coefficient
ExplanationThe correlation coefficient assesses the strength and direction of relationships between two variables in statistical analysis.
#13
What is the purpose of a placebo group in a clinical trial?
To provide a baseline for comparison
ExplanationA placebo group serves as a baseline for comparison, helping researchers assess the true effects of the experimental treatment.
#14
Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of providing informed consent to research participants?
Autonomy
ExplanationThe ethical principle of autonomy underscores the significance of obtaining informed consent from research participants.
#15
What is the key difference between a correlational study and an experimental study?
Experimental studies establish cause-and-effect relationships, while correlational studies identify associations.
ExplanationExperimental studies establish causation, while correlational studies merely identify associations between variables.
#16
What is the Hawthorne effect in research?
The tendency for participants to behave in a way they believe is expected of them
ExplanationThe Hawthorne effect refers to participants altering their behavior when they are aware they are being observed or studied.
#17
What is the main purpose of conducting a literature review in the research process?
To provide an overview of existing research on the topic
ExplanationA literature review offers an overview of existing research to inform the study's design, methodology, and identify gaps in knowledge.