Fundamental Concepts in Genetics Quiz

DNA carries genetic information through its nucleotide sequence.

Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific traits.

Phenotype refers to the physical expression of genes.

Replication is the process of duplicating DNA prior to cell division.

Heterozygous individuals possess different alleles for a gene.

Albinism is a genetic disorder resulting in a lack of melanin production.

DNA replication occurs during the interphase of the cell cycle.

A locus is the precise position of a gene on a chromosome.

James Watson and Francis Crick elucidated the double helix structure of DNA.

sRNA is not directly involved in protein synthesis; it plays roles in gene regulation.

Mutations are alterations in DNA sequence that may affect phenotype.

Pleiotropy refers to a single gene affecting multiple phenotypic traits.

Nondisjunction leads to an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in daughter cells.

Frameshift mutations alter the reading frame of codons, often resulting in nonfunctional proteins.