#1
According to Freud, which component of personality operates on the pleasure principle?
Id
ExplanationThe id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of desires.
#2
Which psychosexual stage according to Freud occurs during the age of 3 to 6 years where the focus is on the genitals?
Phallic stage
ExplanationThe phallic stage is characterized by the child's focus on the genitals and the Oedipus or Electra complex.
#3
What did Freud refer to as the 'royal road to the unconscious'?
Dreams
ExplanationDreams, according to Freud, provide access to unconscious thoughts and desires.
#4
Which part of Freud's personality structure operates on the reality principle?
Ego
ExplanationThe ego mediates between the demands of the id, superego, and reality, operating on the reality principle.
#5
According to Freud, which part of the personality operates based on the reality principle and mediates between the demands of the id, superego, and reality?
Ego
ExplanationThe ego mediates between the id, superego, and external reality, seeking to balance their demands.
#6
According to Freud, what is the term for the stage during which sexual urges are repressed and children develop social and intellectual skills?
Latency stage
ExplanationThe latency stage is characterized by the repression of sexual desires and the focus on social and intellectual growth.
#7
What term did Freud use to describe the unconscious blocking of unacceptable thoughts and impulses?
Repression
ExplanationRepression is the process by which unacceptable thoughts and desires are pushed into the unconscious mind.
#8
According to Freud, what serves as the moral component of personality that incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong?
Superego
ExplanationThe superego represents internalized societal and parental standards, acting as the conscience.
#9
What term did Freud use to describe the process by which children incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos?
Identification
ExplanationIdentification is the process of adopting the values and behaviors of a role model, typically the same-sex parent.
#10
In Freudian theory, what is the primary source of psychic energy and the seat of the instincts?
Id
ExplanationThe id is the primary source of psychic energy and houses innate, unconscious desires.
#11
Which defense mechanism involves channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities?
Sublimation
ExplanationSublimation redirects unacceptable urges into productive or socially acceptable pursuits.
#12
What term did Freud use to describe the redirection of an impulse, emotion, or desire towards a substitute object or person?
Displacement
ExplanationDisplacement involves redirecting emotions or desires away from their original, threatening target.
#13
Which concept in Freudian theory describes the transfer of feelings originally experienced in one relationship to another?
Transference
ExplanationTransference involves projecting emotions from past relationships onto present ones.