#1
Who is often referred to as the 'father of psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationWilhelm Wundt is considered the 'father of psychology' for establishing the first psychological laboratory in 1879.
#2
Which type of conditioning involves learning through the association of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus?
Classical Conditioning
ExplanationClassical Conditioning involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.
#3
Who is credited with the development of the theory of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationSigmund Freud is credited with the development of psychoanalysis, a theory exploring the influence of unconscious conflicts and desires on behavior.
#4
In the context of psychology, what does the acronym APA stand for?
American Psychological Association
ExplanationAPA stands for the American Psychological Association, a professional organization for psychologists.
#5
Which perspective in psychology focuses on understanding mental processes such as memory, perception, and problem-solving?
Cognitive Perspective
ExplanationThe Cognitive Perspective in psychology focuses on understanding mental processes, including memory, perception, and problem-solving.
#6
In the context of classical conditioning, what is the term for a previously neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, triggers a conditioned response?
Conditioned Stimulus
ExplanationA Conditioned Stimulus in classical conditioning is a previously neutral stimulus that, through association, triggers a conditioned response.
#7
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of unconscious processes and childhood experiences?
Psychoanalytic Perspective
ExplanationThe Psychoanalytic Perspective, founded by Sigmund Freud, focuses on the influence of unconscious processes and childhood experiences on behavior.
#8
Who is known for the concept of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationB.F. Skinner developed the concept of operant conditioning, a form of learning based on consequences, to understand behavior.
#9
What is the main focus of the humanistic perspective in psychology?
Self-actualization and personal growth
ExplanationThe humanistic perspective emphasizes self-actualization and personal growth as central themes in understanding human behavior.
#10
Who is known for his famous experiment on obedience involving the administration of electric shocks?
Stanley Milgram
ExplanationStanley Milgram conducted the famous obedience experiment involving electric shocks to study the impact of authority on human behavior.
#11
Who developed the theory of social cognitive learning, emphasizing the role of observational learning?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura developed the theory of social cognitive learning, highlighting the importance of observational learning in behavior.
#12
In the context of classical conditioning, what is the term for the gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction in classical conditioning refers to the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response.
#13
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow is linked to the hierarchy of needs, a psychological theory outlining human motivation and fulfillment.
#14
Who proposed the cognitive development theory, including the stages of sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationJean Piaget is credited with the cognitive development theory, outlining distinct stages of intellectual growth in children.
#15
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of the 'collective unconscious'?
Carl Jung
ExplanationCarl Jung is associated with the concept of the 'collective unconscious,' a shared reservoir of memories and experiences.
#16
Who is known for his research on the stages of moral development, including pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional stages?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationLawrence Kohlberg is known for his research on moral development, outlining stages such as pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional.
#17
What is the primary focus of evolutionary psychology?
The genetic basis of behavior
ExplanationEvolutionary psychology focuses on understanding behavior through the lens of evolutionary processes and the genetic basis of traits.
#18
Who is associated with the concept of 'self-determination theory' and the three innate psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness?
Richard Ryan
ExplanationRichard Ryan is associated with 'self-determination theory,' emphasizing innate psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness.