#1
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing perception?
Language proficiency
ExplanationLanguage proficiency is not a factor; other factors include culture, expectations, and emotional state.
#2
Which of the following is an example of a perceptual set?
Seeing a familiar face in a crowd
ExplanationPerceptual set involves predispositions, like recognizing familiar patterns in ambiguous situations.
#3
In the context of perception, what is the cocktail party effect?
The ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment
ExplanationCocktail party effect refers to the capacity to concentrate on a specific conversation amid background noise.
#4
What is the role of priming in perception?
It refers to the activation of certain associations or concepts, influencing subsequent perceptions and behavior
ExplanationPriming involves the activation of specific mental associations, impacting subsequent perceptions and behavior.
#5
What is the term for the tendency to judge others based on our own beliefs and values?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's own thoughts and feelings to others, impacting judgment.
#6
Which psychological theory suggests that individuals tend to organize and interpret information in a way that conforms to their existing beliefs?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory explains the tendency to reconcile conflicting beliefs, influencing perception.
#7
What is the term for the process by which individuals selectively interpret what they see based on their interests, background, experience, and attitudes?
Selective perception
ExplanationSelective perception involves filtering information based on personal factors, shaping interpretation.
#8
How does the anchoring bias influence perception in decision-making?
It involves giving too much weight to the first piece of information encountered
ExplanationAnchoring bias leads to overemphasizing initial information, impacting subsequent judgments.
#9
In the context of perception, what is the role of schemas?
They are mental frameworks that shape our interpretation of information
ExplanationSchemas are cognitive structures influencing how information is processed and interpreted in perception.
#10
Which of the following is an example of a physiological factor that influences perception?
Age
ExplanationAge, among physiological factors, affects perception, influencing sensory abilities and processing.
#11
How does the mere exposure effect influence perception of stimuli?
It increases liking for stimuli that are encountered repeatedly
ExplanationMere exposure effect leads to enhanced preference for familiar stimuli due to repeated exposure.
#12
What is the role of context in the perception of ambiguous stimuli?
It helps in clarifying and interpreting ambiguous stimuli
ExplanationContext aids in making sense of ambiguous stimuli, providing additional information for interpretation.
#13
According to the concept of primacy and recency effects, what is likely to be remembered well?
Information encountered first and last in a sequence
ExplanationPrimacy and recency effects highlight the enhanced recall of information presented at the beginning and end of a sequence.
#14
How does the concept of in-group favoritism influence social perception?
It involves favoring members of one's own group over outsiders
ExplanationIn-group favoritism leads to a bias in favor of individuals within one's social group compared to outsiders.