#1
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for chronic diseases?
Diet
ExplanationDiet can be changed and is linked to the development of chronic diseases.
#2
What is the term for a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being?
Health
ExplanationHealth encompasses total well-being in physical, mental, and social aspects.
#3
Which of the following nutrients is a macronutrient needed in large amounts for energy?
Protein
ExplanationProtein is a macronutrient crucial for energy production and tissue repair.
#4
What is the term for the body's ability to resist and recover from illness or injury?
Immunity
ExplanationImmunity refers to the body's defense system against illnesses and ability to recover from injuries.
#5
What is the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Facilitating glucose uptake by cells
ExplanationInsulin enables cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream, regulating blood sugar levels.
#6
What is the main function of white blood cells in the immune system?
Fighting infections
ExplanationWhite blood cells combat pathogens to protect the body from infections.
#7
Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium in the body?
Vitamin D
ExplanationVitamin D aids in the absorption of calcium for bone health.
#8
Which of the following is a non-communicable disease?
Heart disease
ExplanationHeart disease is not transmitted from person to person and is often associated with lifestyle factors.
#9
What is the main source of dietary fiber?
Fruits and vegetables
ExplanationFruits and vegetables are rich sources of dietary fiber essential for digestive health.
#10
What is the leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide?
Tobacco smoking
ExplanationTobacco smoking is the primary preventable cause of death globally.
#11
Which organ is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body?
Liver
ExplanationThe liver is the main organ involved in detoxification processes in the body.
#12
What is the primary cause of antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
Overuse and misuse of antibiotics
ExplanationOveruse and misuse of antibiotics lead to bacteria becoming resistant to them.
#13
Which environmental factor is a leading contributor to respiratory diseases?
Air pollution
ExplanationAir pollution significantly contributes to the development of respiratory diseases.
#14
Which lifestyle factor is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases?
Smoking
ExplanationSmoking is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases like heart attacks and strokes.
#15
What is the primary function of insulin in the human body?
Regulation of blood sugar
ExplanationInsulin controls blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells.
#16
What is the recommended daily intake of water for an average adult?
2 liters
ExplanationAn average adult should consume about 2 liters of water daily to maintain hydration.
#17
Which of the following is a micronutrient essential for proper thyroid function?
Iodine
ExplanationIodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones regulating metabolism.