#1
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with anxiety?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin is commonly associated with anxiety due to its role in mood regulation and emotional processing.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of anxiety disorders?
Extreme euphoria
ExplanationExtreme euphoria is not a common symptom of anxiety disorders; rather, anxiety is characterized by feelings of worry, fear, and apprehension.
#3
Which of the following is a specific type of anxiety disorder characterized by sudden episodes of intense fear?
Panic disorder
ExplanationPanic disorder is characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, which are sudden episodes of intense fear or discomfort.
#4
What is the term used to describe anxiety experienced in response to a particular situation or object?
Specific phobia
ExplanationSpecific phobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive and irrational fear of specific objects or situations.
#5
Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for developing anxiety disorders?
High levels of social support
ExplanationHigh levels of social support are generally considered protective against anxiety disorders, rather than a risk factor.
#6
Which psychological theory suggests that anxiety disorders result from repressed impulses trying to surface?
Psychoanalytic theory
ExplanationPsychoanalytic theory suggests that anxiety disorders result from unresolved conflicts and repressed impulses from childhood.
#7
What is one common cognitive distortion associated with anxiety disorders?
Catastrophizing
ExplanationCatastrophizing is a common cognitive distortion in which individuals magnify or exaggerate the potential negative outcomes of a situation.
#8
Which neurotransmitter system is often targeted by medications used to treat anxiety disorders?
GABA
ExplanationMedications used to treat anxiety disorders often target the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter system, which is involved in reducing neuronal excitability.
#9
According to the DSM-5, how long must anxiety symptoms persist to be diagnosed as generalized anxiety disorder?
At least 6 months
ExplanationAccording to the DSM-5, generalized anxiety disorder is diagnosed when excessive anxiety and worry about various domains persist for at least six months.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a panic attack?
Extreme happiness
ExplanationExtreme happiness is not a common symptom of a panic attack, which is characterized by sudden and intense feelings of fear or discomfort.
#11
Which environmental factor is often linked to the development of anxiety disorders?
Low socioeconomic status
ExplanationLow socioeconomic status is often linked to the development of anxiety disorders due to increased stressors and limited access to resources.
#12
Which brain structure is heavily involved in the regulation of fear and anxiety responses?
Amygdala
ExplanationThe amygdala, part of the limbic system, plays a key role in the processing and regulation of emotions, particularly fear and anxiety.
#13
What is the term used to describe anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing?
Agoraphobia
ExplanationAgoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by anxiety about being in situations or places from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing.
#14
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where a person feels disconnected from their surroundings or themselves during a panic attack?
Depersonalization
ExplanationDepersonalization is the term used to describe the phenomenon where a person feels detached from their surroundings or themselves during a panic attack.
#15
What is the term for the tendency to interpret situations as more threatening than they actually are?
Catastrophizing
ExplanationCatastrophizing refers to the tendency to interpret situations as more threatening or dire than they actually are, contributing to anxiety and stress.