#1
Which brain structure is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions like breathing and heart rate?
Brainstem
ExplanationBrainstem regulates vital autonomic functions.
#2
Who is considered the founder of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationSigmund Freud is the pioneer of psychoanalysis.
#3
What is the term for a sudden, intense feeling of fear or discomfort that can come without warning?
Panic attack
ExplanationA panic attack is a sudden, intense fear or discomfort episode.
#4
Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationB.F. Skinner is the proponent of operant conditioning theory.
#5
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for language processing?
Temporal lobe
ExplanationTemporal lobe is key for language processing.
#6
What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?
Examining mental processes such as memory and problem-solving
ExplanationCognitive psychology studies mental processes like memory and problem-solving.
#7
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is linked to pleasure and reward sensations.
#8
What is the psychological term for an individual's unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persist over time and across situations?
Trait
ExplanationTrait refers to a person's consistent thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
#9
Who is known for the concept of the hierarchy of needs, which suggests that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before progressing to higher-level needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs.
#10
What is the term for a disorder characterized by persistent, excessive worry and anxiety about everyday events?
Generalized anxiety disorder
ExplanationGeneralized anxiety disorder involves persistent excessive worry.
#11
What is the phenomenon called when an individual adopts the attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs of a group?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity is adopting group attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs.
#12
What does the bystander effect refer to?
The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when others are present
ExplanationBystander effect: reduced help in the presence of others.
#13
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the process of gradually reducing the conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction: reducing conditioned response over repetitions.
#14
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and one's failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationSelf-serving bias: attributing success to internal factors and failure to external factors.
#15
Who is known for the concept of 'self-efficacy,' which refers to an individual's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura is associated with 'self-efficacy' concept.