#1
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The variable that is manipulated by the researcher
ExplanationIndependent variable is manipulated by the researcher.
#2
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a comparison for the experimental group
ExplanationControl group provides a comparison for the experimental group.
#3
Which of the following is an example of a random sampling technique?
Simple random sampling
ExplanationSimple random sampling is a random sampling technique.
#4
What is a confounding variable in experimental design?
An extraneous variable that is not controlled for and may affect the results
ExplanationConfounding variable is uncontrolled and may affect results.
#5
Which of the following is a type of non-experimental research design?
Quasi-experimental design
ExplanationQuasi-experimental design is a non-experimental research design.
#6
What is a factorial design in experimental research?
A design with two or more independent variables
ExplanationFactorial design has two or more independent variables.
#7
What is the difference between internal validity and external validity in research?
Internal validity refers to the accuracy of measurements, while external validity refers to the generalizability of results.
ExplanationInternal validity concerns measurement accuracy; external validity concerns result generalizability.
#8
What is a type I error in hypothesis testing?
Rejecting a true null hypothesis
ExplanationType I error is rejecting a true null hypothesis.
#9
In a repeated measures design, what is a potential disadvantage?
Order effects
ExplanationRepeated measures design may have order effects.
#10
What is the purpose of a pilot study in experimental research?
To gather preliminary data and identify potential issues with the study design
ExplanationPilot study gathers preliminary data and identifies issues.
#11
In experimental research, what is counterbalancing?
Balancing the order of conditions across participants
ExplanationCounterbalancing balances order of conditions across participants.
#12
What is the purpose of debriefing in psychological research?
To provide participants with information about the study's purpose after participation
ExplanationDebriefing informs participants after study participation.
#13
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
To eliminate confounding variables
ExplanationRandom assignment eliminates confounding variables.
#14
What is a matched-pairs design in experimental research?
A design in which participants are matched based on certain characteristics and then randomly assigned to groups
ExplanationMatched-pairs design matches participants based on characteristics before random assignment.