#1
What is the primary goal of an experimental design?
To control and manipulate variables to test hypotheses
ExplanationControlling and manipulating variables to test hypotheses.
#2
Which type of validity assesses whether the results can be generalized beyond the study?
External validity
ExplanationAssessing generalizability beyond the study.
#3
What is the purpose of a pilot study in experimental research?
To test the research procedures and identify potential issues before the main study
ExplanationTesting procedures and identifying issues before the main study.
#4
Which type of experimental design involves manipulating more than one independent variable?
Multifactor design
ExplanationManipulating multiple independent variables.
#5
What is the purpose of using a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison and isolate the effects of the independent variable
ExplanationProviding a baseline for comparison, isolating independent variable effects.
#6
Why is it important to replicate experimental studies?
To ensure the results are not due to chance and to increase the generalizability of findings
ExplanationAvoiding chance results, increasing generalizability.
#7
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a good experimental design?
Random assignment of participants to groups
ExplanationRandomly assigning participants to groups.
#8
What is a manipulation check in experimental research?
A way to measure the independent variable manipulation's success
ExplanationAssessing the success of independent variable manipulation.
#9
What does randomization contribute to an experimental design?
Reduces bias and increases internal validity
ExplanationReducing bias and enhancing internal validity.
#10
Why is it crucial to include a control group in experimental research?
To control for confounding variables and isolate the effects of the independent variable
ExplanationControlling for confounds and isolating independent variable effects.
#11
How does a repeated measures design differ from an independent measures design?
Repeated measures design involves the same participants in all conditions, while independent measures design uses different participants in each condition
ExplanationSame participants in all conditions vs. different participants in each condition.
#12
What is the purpose of a debriefing session in experimental research involving human participants?
To explain the purpose of the study, address concerns, and provide additional information
ExplanationExplaining study purpose, addressing concerns, providing information.
#13
In an experiment, what is the purpose of a placebo condition?
To ensure blinding of the researchers
ExplanationBlinding researchers to treatment conditions.
#14
Why is it important to conduct manipulation checks in experimental research?
To verify that the independent variable was successfully manipulated
ExplanationEnsuring successful manipulation of the independent variable.
#15
What is the role of counterbalancing in experimental design?
To order conditions systematically to control for order effects
ExplanationSystematically ordering conditions to counteract order effects.
#16
What is a confounding variable in experimental research?
A variable that influences both the independent and dependent variables, leading to a misleading interpretation of results
ExplanationInfluencing both independent and dependent variables, leading to misinterpretation.
#17
In experimental research, what is the purpose of using a crossover design?
To minimize the effects of order and sequence effects
ExplanationMinimizing order and sequence effects.
#18
What is the significance of random assignment in experimental research?
To reduce bias and increase internal validity
ExplanationReducing bias, enhancing internal validity.