#1
Which ethical theory emphasizes the importance of individual rights and autonomy?
Deontology
ExplanationFocus on adherence to moral rules and duties.
#2
In healthcare, what principle suggests providing the greatest benefit to the most people?
Justice
ExplanationFair distribution of benefits and burdens.
#3
Which ethical theory places importance on cultivating good character traits?
Virtue Ethics
ExplanationFocus on moral virtues and excellence of character.
#4
Which ethical principle emphasizes the obligation to do good and promote well-being?
Beneficence
ExplanationActing in ways that benefit others and promote their welfare.
#5
According to the 'Golden Rule,' what should individuals do?
Treat others as they want to be treated
ExplanationPractice empathy and treat others with respect and kindness.
#6
Which ethical theory focuses on the idea that actions are right if they follow a set of moral rules?
Deontology
ExplanationEmphasis on moral rules and duties.
#7
Which ethical principle requires healthcare professionals to do no harm to their patients?
Non-Maleficence
ExplanationAvoidance of causing harm or injury.
#8
According to virtue ethics, what is the focus when determining the morality of an action?
Character
ExplanationEmphasis on developing virtuous traits.
#9
In ethical decision-making, what does the term 'fidelity' refer to?
Loyalty and faithfulness
ExplanationCommitment and trustworthiness.
#10
Which ethical principle involves being honest and truthful in all interactions?
Veracity
ExplanationCommitment to truthfulness.
#11
In healthcare ethics, what does the term 'informed consent' mean?
Consenting with full understanding
ExplanationAgreement made with complete understanding of risks and benefits.
#12
Which ethical principle involves treating individuals fairly and equitably?
Justice
ExplanationFairness in distribution of resources and treatment.
#13
Which ethical theory prioritizes the overall happiness and well-being of individuals?
Utilitarianism
ExplanationMaximization of happiness and utility.
#14
What is the main focus of the 'principle of double effect' in ethical reasoning?
Intention and consequences
ExplanationDistinguishing between intended and unintended outcomes.
#15
According to the principlist approach, what are the four primary ethical principles?
Autonomy, Non-Maleficence, Justice, Beneficence
ExplanationRespect for individual choices, do no harm, fairness, and promoting good.
#16
What is the primary focus of the 'duty-based' ethical theory?
Individual rights and duties
ExplanationEmphasis on fulfilling moral obligations and responsibilities.
#17
According to the 'common morality' approach, what is the basis for ethical decision-making?
Universal moral principles
ExplanationGuidance from shared moral norms and values.
#18
In healthcare, what does the principle of 'confidentiality' entail?
Protecting patient information and privacy
ExplanationSafeguarding privacy and maintaining secrecy of sensitive information.