#1
What is the first step in managing a patient with suspected poisoning?
Calling emergency services
ExplanationImmediate professional assistance is crucial.
#2
Which of the following is a common route of exposure to toxic substances?
Ingestion
ExplanationCommon route of swallowing toxic substances.
#3
What is the primary goal of decontamination in toxicology emergencies?
Removing and preventing further exposure
ExplanationTo eliminate the toxic substance and avoid additional contact.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a cholinergic toxidrome?
Organophosphate poisoning
ExplanationSymptoms caused by excessive acetylcholine stimulation.
#5
Which of the following is a classic sign of salicylate poisoning?
Tinnitus
ExplanationRinging in the ears often accompanies salicylate overdose.
#6
Which of the following substances can cause methemoglobinemia?
Nitroglycerin
ExplanationLeads to abnormal levels of methemoglobin in the blood.
#7
Which of the following is a long-acting benzodiazepine antidote?
Flumazenil
ExplanationReverses the sedative effects of benzodiazepines.
#8
In the context of toxicology, what does the acronym ABCDE stand for?
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure
ExplanationA mnemonic for systematic patient assessment.
#9
What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
Protamine sulfate
ExplanationBinds heparin molecules and neutralizes its anticoagulant effects.
#10
What is the mainstay treatment for calcium channel blocker toxicity?
Calcium chloride
ExplanationCounteracts the effects of calcium channel blockers.
#11
In carbon monoxide poisoning, what is the preferred treatment?
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
ExplanationIncreases the oxygen levels in the blood.
#12
What is the primary mechanism of action of acetaminophen antidote, N-acetylcysteine?
Replenishing glutathione stores
ExplanationCounteracts the depletion of glutathione caused by acetaminophen overdose.