#1
Which of the following is a basic economic problem?
Scarcity
Abundance
Inflation
Surplus
#2
Who is known as the father of modern economics?
John Maynard Keynes
Adam Smith
Karl Marx
Milton Friedman
#3
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a monopoly?
Single seller
Many sellers
No close substitutes
Barriers to entry
#4
What is the primary tool used by central banks to control the money supply?
Fiscal policy
Open market operations
Trade policy
Monetary policy
#5
What is the term for a situation where the price of a good increases as its demand increases?
Inelasticity
Substitution effect
Diminishing returns
Price elasticity of demand
#6
Which of the following is NOT a factor of production?
Labor
Capital
Entrepreneurship
Money
#7
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of perfect competition?
Many buyers and sellers
Homogeneous products
Barriers to entry
Perfect information
#8
Which economic system relies on supply and demand to determine prices?
Socialism
Capitalism
Communism
Feudalism
#9
The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of a country includes:
Only goods produced within the country's borders
Both goods and services produced within the country's borders
Only goods produced by domestic companies
Only goods exported by the country
#10
Which of the following is NOT a measure of economic inequality?
Gini coefficient
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Lorenz curve
Palma ratio
#11
What is the term for a situation in which one person's gain is equivalent to another's loss?
Zero-sum game
Positive-sum game
Negative-sum game
Mutualistic game
#12
What is the economic term for the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time?
Gross National Product (GNP)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Net National Product (NNP)
Net Domestic Product (NDP)
#13
In economics, what does the term 'ceteris paribus' mean?
All else being equal
Supply and demand
Law of diminishing returns
Elasticity of demand
#14
Which economic theory advocates for minimal government intervention in the economy?
Keynesian economics
Monetarism
Classical economics
Austrian economics
#15
What does the term 'comparative advantage' refer to in economics?
The ability of one country to produce more of a good than another country
The ability of one country to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another country
The ability of one country to maintain a trade surplus with another country
The ability of one country to dominate the global market for a particular good
#16
Which international organization is responsible for fostering global monetary cooperation and financial stability?
United Nations
World Bank
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
#17
What is the name for the situation where a country's imports exceed its exports?
Trade surplus
Trade deficit
Balance of payments
Current account
#18
Which international trade theory suggests that countries should specialize in producing goods for which they have a comparative advantage?
Heckscher-Ohlin model
Mercantilism
Absolute advantage
Comparative advantage
#19
Which of the following is a primary function of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
Providing loans to developing countries
Promoting free trade and resolving trade disputes
Maintaining currency exchange rates
Providing humanitarian aid