#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of a market economy?
Private ownership of resources
ExplanationMarket economies emphasize private ownership of resources for allocation.
#2
Which economic approach emphasizes the importance of individual choices and incentives?
Neoclassical economics
ExplanationNeoclassical economics highlights individual choices and incentives as key factors.
#3
What is the Tragedy of the Commons in economic terms?
Overuse and depletion of shared resources
ExplanationThe Tragedy of the Commons refers to the overuse and depletion of resources held in common.
#4
Which economic concept is defined as the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a specific time period?
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
ExplanationGDP measures the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country.
#5
What is the term for a situation in which a single seller dominates the entire market for a particular product or service?
Monopoly
ExplanationA monopoly occurs when a single seller dominates the market for a product or service.
#6
What is the primary focus of microeconomics?
Individual markets and entities
ExplanationMicroeconomics analyzes individual markets, entities, and their interactions.
#7
According to the classical economic approach, what is the key driver of economic growth?
Technological progress
ExplanationTechnological progress is central to classical economics' view on economic growth.
#8
What is the formula for calculating Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
Consumption + Investment + Government Spending + Net Exports
ExplanationGDP is calculated by adding consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports.
#9
Which of the following is a measure of inflation?
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
ExplanationCPI is a commonly used measure of inflation, tracking changes in consumer prices.
#10
Which economic concept refers to the additional cost of producing one more unit of a good or service?
Marginal cost
ExplanationMarginal cost is the additional cost incurred from producing one more unit of a good or service.
#11
What is the main focus of Keynesian economics during economic downturns?
Stimulating demand through government intervention
ExplanationKeynesian economics focuses on stimulating demand during downturns via government intervention.
#12
In monetary policy, what does the term 'quantitative easing' refer to?
Buying financial assets by the central bank
ExplanationQuantitative easing involves the central bank purchasing financial assets to increase money supply.
#13
According to the Law of Demand, what happens to quantity demanded when the price of a good decreases?
Increases
ExplanationAccording to the Law of Demand, quantity demanded increases as price decreases, ceteris paribus.
#14
What is the primary goal of a central bank's monetary policy?
Stabilizing prices and controlling inflation
ExplanationThe primary goal of monetary policy is to maintain price stability and control inflation.
#15
Which economic system is characterized by collective or government ownership of the means of production?
Socialism
ExplanationSocialism involves collective or government ownership of means of production.