#1
Which European country was the first to colonize territories in Latin America?
Portugal
ExplanationPortugal initiated colonization in Latin America with the arrival of Pedro Álvares Cabral in Brazil in 1500.
#2
Who was the leader of the Mexican Revolution that began in 1910?
Emiliano Zapata
ExplanationEmiliano Zapata was a prominent figure in the Mexican Revolution, advocating for agrarian reform.
#3
Who was the leader of the Cuban Revolution in 1959?
Fidel Castro
ExplanationFidel Castro led the overthrow of the Batista regime, establishing a communist government in Cuba.
#4
Who was the first woman to serve as the President of Brazil?
Dilma Rousseff
ExplanationDilma Rousseff became Brazil's first female president, serving from 2011 to 2016.
#5
Who was the dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990, known for his authoritarian regime?
Augusto Pinochet
ExplanationAugusto Pinochet led a military coup in Chile, establishing a repressive dictatorship.
#6
Which economic system characterized much of Latin America's colonial period?
Mercantilism
ExplanationMercantilism was dominant, focusing on maximizing exports and accumulating precious metals.
#7
Who was the author of 'Open Veins of Latin America', a book exploring the economic exploitation of the region?
Eduardo Galeano
ExplanationEduardo Galeano's book critically examines the history of exploitation and imperialism in Latin America.
#8
What was the 'Monroe Doctrine'?
A doctrine proclaiming U.S. opposition to European colonization or intervention in the Americas
ExplanationThe Monroe Doctrine was a U.S. policy opposing European interference in the Western Hemisphere.
#9
Which Latin American country experienced the 'War of the Triple Alliance' in the 19th century?
Paraguay
ExplanationParaguay fought against Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay in the War of the Triple Alliance, resulting in significant devastation.
#10
Which event marked the beginning of the Haitian Revolution?
The Bois Caïman ceremony
ExplanationThe Bois Caïman ceremony, a Vodou ritual, is regarded as a catalyst for the Haitian Revolution.
#11
Which country in Latin America experienced a military dictatorship known as the 'Dirty War' in the 1970s?
Argentina
ExplanationArgentina underwent a period of state terrorism and human rights abuses during the Dirty War.
#12
What is the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) regarding Latin America?
It established the boundary between Portuguese and Spanish territories in the New World
ExplanationThe Treaty of Tordesillas divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal.
#13
What was the name of the U.S. policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism in Latin America during the Cold War?
Containment Policy
ExplanationThe Containment Policy sought to contain the spread of communism, often through military and economic intervention.
#14
Who was the first democratically elected female president in Latin America?
Isabel Perón
ExplanationIsabel Perón became Argentina's president in 1974, succeeding her husband Juan Perón.