#1
Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic ecological relationship?
Bee pollinating a flower
ExplanationMutualism benefits both the bee and the flower through pollination.
#2
Which adaptation is NOT commonly observed in desert plants?
Large, broad leaves
ExplanationDesert plants typically have small or no leaves to reduce water loss.
#3
What is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems?
Sunlight
ExplanationSunlight is the primary source of energy driving photosynthesis in ecosystems.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a primary producer?
Tree
ExplanationPrimary producers, like trees, convert sunlight into energy via photosynthesis.
#5
Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
Fungi
ExplanationBiotic factors include living organisms like fungi, affecting ecosystem dynamics.
#6
What is the term for the role or function of an organism in an ecosystem?
Niche
ExplanationAn organism's niche encompasses its role, habitat, and interactions within an ecosystem.
#7
What is the term for the ecological relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed?
Commensalism
ExplanationIn commensalism, one organism benefits while the other remains unaffected.
#8
Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation?
Hibernation in bears
ExplanationHibernation is a behavioral adaptation aiding bears to survive harsh conditions.
#9
Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?
Sea otter
ExplanationSea otters play a crucial role in maintaining the health of their ecosystem.
#10
What is the term for the process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment over time?
Adaptation
ExplanationAdaptation is the evolutionary process enabling populations to thrive in their environment.
#11
Which biome is characterized by low temperatures, permafrost, and limited vegetation?
Tundra
ExplanationThe tundra biome is characterized by cold temperatures, permafrost, and sparse vegetation.
#12
Which of the following is an example of a pioneer species?
Lichen
ExplanationPioneer species like lichen colonize barren environments, paving the way for other species.
#13
In a food chain consisting of grass, rabbits, and foxes, which organism occupies the highest trophic level?
Foxes
ExplanationFoxes are tertiary consumers, occupying the highest trophic level in this food chain.
#14
Which of the following is an example of a secondary consumer in an aquatic ecosystem?
Small fish
ExplanationSecondary consumers feed on primary consumers in aquatic ecosystems.