#1
At what age do infants typically start to roll over from their stomach to their back?
3-4 months
ExplanationAround 3-4 months, infants gain enough strength and coordination to roll over.
#2
Which of the following is a primary reflex seen in newborns that involves turning the head in the direction of touch to the cheek?
Rooting reflex
ExplanationThe rooting reflex helps newborns find the breast or bottle for feeding.
#3
When does the social smile typically emerge in infants?
3-4 months
ExplanationInfants usually begin smiling socially around 3-4 months of age.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a milestone typically achieved by the end of the first year?
Running
ExplanationRunning is not typically achieved by the end of the first year.
#5
What is the term for the reflex that causes a baby to arch its back, fling out its arms and legs, and then quickly close them to the center of the body when startled?
Moro reflex
ExplanationThe Moro reflex is an involuntary response to sudden stimuli.
#6
When do most infants start to babble?
3-4 months
ExplanationMost infants begin babbling around 3-4 months.
#7
What is the approximate age when infants begin to understand object permanence?
5-6 months
ExplanationAt around 5-6 months, infants start realizing objects still exist even when out of sight.
#8
According to Piaget, what is the sensorimotor stage primarily characterized by?
Object permanence
ExplanationThe sensorimotor stage revolves around the development of object permanence.
#9
What is the term for the ability of infants to use their mouths to explore objects by putting them into their mouths?
Oral exploration
ExplanationOral exploration is the process of discovering objects through mouthing.
#10
Which of the following reflexes is typically present at birth and helps the infant cling onto a caregiver's finger?
Grasping reflex
ExplanationThe grasping reflex allows newborns to grip onto objects.
#11
What is the term for the ability to perceive the world in three dimensions and to accurately judge distances?
Depth perception
ExplanationDepth perception enables infants to understand spatial relationships.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the sensorimotor stage according to Piaget?
Lack of conservation
ExplanationLack of conservation is not a characteristic of the sensorimotor stage.
#13
Which of the following is NOT considered a factor influencing infant attachment?
Genetic predisposition
ExplanationGenetic predisposition is not a primary factor in infant attachment.
#14
Which theorist is known for emphasizing the importance of the caregiver-infant relationship in the development of attachment?
John Bowlby
ExplanationJohn Bowlby emphasized the role of caregiver-infant bonds in attachment.
#15
Which theorist proposed the concept of the 'Strange Situation' as a method to assess infant attachment?
Mary Ainsworth
ExplanationMary Ainsworth developed the 'Strange Situation' to evaluate infant attachment.