#1
Which of the following is a major theorist in developmental psychology?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationKey figure in developmental psychology, known for cognitive development theory.
#2
Which of the following best describes the concept of nature vs. nurture in developmental psychology?
Nature refers to genetics, while nurture refers to environmental influences.
ExplanationDebate about the influence of genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) on development.
#3
Who is known for proposing the concept of 'stages of moral development'?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationResearcher who identified stages in the development of moral reasoning.
#4
Which theorist is associated with the concept of 'psychosocial development'?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationPsychologist known for his theory on the social and emotional development across the lifespan.
#5
Who is the founder of the psychoanalytic theory of personality?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationPioneer in psychoanalysis, developed influential theories on personality and the unconscious mind.
#6
What is the term for the stage in Jean Piaget's theory where a child develops object permanence?
Sensorimotor stage
ExplanationPiaget's stage focusing on early sensory and motor interactions, including object permanence development.
#7
Which of the following is NOT one of Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development?
Rationality vs. irrationality
ExplanationIncorrect stage; Erikson's stages emphasize psychosocial conflicts.
#8
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary conflict in the stage of 'identity vs. role confusion'?
Identity vs. confusion
ExplanationPsychosocial conflict involving forming a stable identity.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a component of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory?
Ego integrity
ExplanationExcluded concept; Bandura's theory focuses on observational learning and self-efficacy.
#10
In Piaget's theory, what is assimilation?
The process of incorporating new information into existing schemas
ExplanationCognitive process of fitting new information into existing mental frameworks.
#11
What term refers to the unique combination of characteristics that defines an individual and influences their behavior?
Personality
ExplanationIndividual traits and qualities shaping behavior and identity.
#12
What is the term for a statistical concept in psychology that represents the extent to which observed differences among individuals are real and not due to measurement error?
Reliability
ExplanationMeasure of consistency and accuracy in psychological assessments.
#13
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that intelligence is not solely based on a single, general ability?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationAdvocated for diverse intelligence types beyond traditional views.
#14
What term is used to describe the consistent differences in behavior between individuals over time and across situations?
Stability
ExplanationConcept referring to the enduring traits and behaviors of individuals.
#15
According to Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
The gap between a child's actual developmental level and the level of potential development with guidance or support
ExplanationRange where a child can develop with assistance, beyond current capabilities.
#16
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'self-regulation'?
The ability to control one's emotions and behavior in accordance with social expectations
ExplanationCapacity to manage emotions and actions in alignment with societal norms.
#17
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals are influenced by others to conform to group norms, even if it goes against their own beliefs or values?
Conformity
ExplanationSocial phenomenon involving adherence to group norms, sometimes conflicting with personal beliefs.