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Developmental Psychology and Human Sexuality Quiz

#1

Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development theory is associated with the conflict of Trust vs. Mistrust?

Infancy
Explanation

Stage where basic trust in caregivers or mistrust develops.

#2

What is the term for the emotional and psychological attachment that develops between infants and their caregivers, as studied by Mary Ainsworth?

Secure attachment
Explanation

Bond characterized by trust and security.

#3

Which theorist is known for the concept of psychosocial development and the stages of identity formation?

Erik Erikson
Explanation

Known for psychosocial development stages.

#4

In the context of human sexuality, what does the term 'erogenous zones' refer to?

Areas of the body sensitive to sexual stimulation
Explanation

Body areas responsive to sexual stimulation.

#5

Which psychologist is associated with the concept of the 'Zone of Proximal Development' (ZPD) in the context of cognitive development?

Lev Vygotsky
Explanation

Psychologist known for ZPD concept.

#6

According to Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory, in which stage do children develop the ability for abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning?

Formal Operational
Explanation

Stage where abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning emerge.

#7

In the context of human sexuality, what does the term 'sexual orientation' refer to?

Romantic and sexual attraction
Explanation

Refers to one's romantic and sexual attractions.

#8

In the context of human sexuality, what does the term 'gender identity' refer to?

Subjective sense of being male, female, or another gender
Explanation

Individual's internal sense of gender.

#9

According to attachment theory, what is the term for an infant's distress when separated from their primary caregiver?

Separation anxiety
Explanation

Infant's distress upon separation from caregiver.

#10

What is the term for a state of tension that occurs when an individual's attitudes or behaviors are inconsistent?

Cognitive dissonance
Explanation

Conflict between beliefs and actions causing discomfort.

#11

According to the theory of mind, at what age do children typically start understanding that others can have beliefs and perspectives different from their own?

Preschool age
Explanation

Age when understanding of differing beliefs emerges.

#12

Which of the following is a common criticism of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual development theory?

Lack of empirical evidence
Explanation

Critiqued for lack of empirical support.

#13

According to Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development, at what stage do individuals follow moral principles based on universal ethical principles and abstract reasoning?

Postconventional
Explanation

Stage where universal ethical principles guide morality.

#14

What is the term for the period during which an organism develops from a fertilized egg to a fully formed individual?

Embryogenesis
Explanation

Process of organism development from fertilization.

#15

According to Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?

The difference between actual developmental level and potential developmental level
Explanation

Gap between current and potential abilities.

#16

What is the term for the cognitive bias where individuals tend to favor information that confirms their preexisting beliefs or values?

Confirmation bias
Explanation

Tendency to seek or interpret information favoring existing beliefs.

#17

According to the social identity theory, what is the term for the tendency to view one's own group favorably and the out-group negatively?

In-group bias
Explanation

Preference for one's own group over others.

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