#1
What is the term for the mental process of organizing and interpreting sensory information?
Perception
ExplanationInterpreting and making sense of sensory data.
#2
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationStrong emotional connection between infant and caregiver.
#3
According to Erikson's theory, what is the psychosocial crisis in the infancy stage?
Trust vs. Mistrust
ExplanationFormation of trust in infancy sets foundation for later relationships.
#4
In the context of cognitive development, what does the term 'object permanence' refer to?
Understanding that objects exist even when not perceived
ExplanationObjects continue to exist even when not seen or heard.
#5
What is the main focus of the cognitive development stage known as 'preoperational stage' in Piaget's theory?
Symbolic thinking and pretend play
ExplanationDeveloping language and using symbols for representation.
#6
Which of the following is a key concept in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor stage
ExplanationEarly stage focusing on sensory experiences and motor actions.
#7
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationIntelligence comprises various distinct forms.
#8
What is the term for the mental process through which an individual acquires new knowledge or modifies existing knowledge?
Accommodation
ExplanationAdjusting existing mental frameworks to incorporate new information.
#9
Who proposed the socio-cultural theory of cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationCognitive development influenced by social and cultural factors.
#10
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationZone between actual development level and potential development.
#11
Which developmental psychologist is known for his stages of moral development?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationStages of moral reasoning and decision-making.
#12
At what age range does the formal operational stage occur in Piaget's theory?
11 years and older
ExplanationAbstract thinking and problem-solving typically develop around age 11.
#13
Which of the following is a key concept in the attachment theory proposed by John Bowlby?
Secure base
ExplanationPrimary caregiver provides a secure base for exploration.
#14
Who is known for the concept of the 'ecological systems theory' in developmental psychology?
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ExplanationDevelopment influenced by various nested environmental systems.
#15
According to Erik Erikson, what is the psychosocial crisis in the stage of young adulthood?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
ExplanationProductivity and contributing to society vs. feeling stagnant.