#1
Who developed the theory of attachment in infants?
John Bowlby
ExplanationJohn Bowlby developed the theory of attachment in infants.
#2
Which of the following is NOT one of the main attachment styles identified by Mary Ainsworth?
Anxious-avoidant attachment
ExplanationAnxious-avoidant attachment is not one of the main attachment styles identified by Mary Ainsworth.
#3
What is the term for the process by which infants learn to gauge the reliability and emotional availability of their caregiver's responses?
Social referencing
ExplanationSocial referencing is the process by which infants learn to gauge the reliability and emotional availability of their caregiver's responses.
#4
Which of the following is a key component of attachment theory?
Ethological theory
ExplanationEthological theory is a key component of attachment theory, emphasizing the biological basis of attachment behaviors.
#5
Which of the following is NOT one of the attachment behaviors identified by John Bowlby?
Social referencing
ExplanationSocial referencing is not one of the attachment behaviors identified by John Bowlby.
#6
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory?
Attachment vs. Isolation
ExplanationAttachment vs. Isolation is not one of the stages in Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory.
#7
In attachment theory, what is the term used to describe the infant's distress when the primary caregiver leaves?
Separation anxiety
ExplanationSeparation anxiety is the term used to describe the infant's distress when the primary caregiver leaves.
#8
Mary Ainsworth developed a procedure known as the 'Strange Situation' to assess what aspect of infant attachment?
Attachment to mother
ExplanationMary Ainsworth developed the 'Strange Situation' procedure to assess attachment to the mother.
#9
Attachment bonds formed with caregivers during infancy can influence which of the following?
All of the above
ExplanationAttachment bonds formed with caregivers during infancy can influence emotional regulation, relationship quality, and social competence.
#10
Which of the following statements is true regarding the 'Strange Situation' procedure?
It assesses the quality of attachment between a child and caregiver
ExplanationThe 'Strange Situation' procedure assesses the quality of attachment between a child and caregiver.
#11
According to attachment theory, what type of attachment is characterized by the child showing little distress when the caregiver leaves and avoiding contact upon their return?
Avoidant attachment
ExplanationAvoidant attachment is characterized by little distress when the caregiver leaves and avoidance upon return.
#12
According to John Bowlby, what is the primary function of the attachment behavioral system?
To ensure proximity between infant and caregiver
ExplanationThe primary function of the attachment behavioral system is to ensure proximity between infant and caregiver, providing security.
#13
What is the term used to describe the tendency for infants to direct attachment behaviors toward any individual, regardless of whether they are a familiar caregiver?
Indiscriminate attachment
ExplanationIndiscriminate attachment describes the tendency for infants to direct attachment behaviors toward any individual.
#14
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where infants seek contact with their caregiver after being frightened or threatened?
Reactive attachment
ExplanationReactive attachment describes the phenomenon where infants seek contact with their caregiver after being frightened or threatened.
#15
According to attachment theory, what is the primary role of the caregiver in the development of secure attachment?
Consistently responding to the infant's cues and signals
ExplanationThe primary role of the caregiver in the development of secure attachment is consistently responding to the infant's cues and signals.