#1
At what age do infants typically begin to display social smiles?
3 months
ExplanationSocial smiles usually emerge around 3 months, indicating recognition of social interaction.
#2
Which of the following is NOT considered an early form of emotional expression in infancy?
Babbling
ExplanationBabbling is primarily associated with language development, not emotional expression.
#3
Which developmental theory emphasizes the importance of social interactions and relationships in emotional development?
Attachment theory
ExplanationAttachment theory underscores the significance of social bonds in emotional development.
#4
What is the term for the stage of emotional development in infancy where infants begin to exhibit a wider range of emotional expressions?
Emotional diversification
ExplanationEmotional diversification marks the stage where infants display a broader array of emotional expressions.
#5
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationAttachment is the strong emotional bond between infants and their primary caregivers, vital for development.
#6
What term is used to describe the phenomenon where infants mirror the emotional expressions of others?
Emotional contagion
ExplanationEmotional contagion refers to infants mimicking others' emotional expressions, indicating empathy.
#7
Which theorist proposed the concept of the 'stranger situation' to study attachment in infants?
Mary Ainsworth
ExplanationMary Ainsworth developed the 'stranger situation' to assess attachment styles in infants.
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic of emotional regulation in infancy?
Dependence on external soothing
ExplanationInfants often rely on external soothing from caregivers to regulate their emotions.
#9
What role does parental responsiveness play in the development of emotional expression in infants?
It fosters secure attachment and emotional regulation
ExplanationParental responsiveness promotes secure attachment and helps infants learn emotional regulation.
#10
What is the term for the ability of infants to regulate their emotions based on the emotional cues provided by caregivers?
Emotional regulation
ExplanationEmotional regulation involves infants adjusting their emotions based on caregivers' cues, crucial for development.
#11
What emotional milestone typically occurs during the 'terrible twos' stage of development?
Temper tantrums
ExplanationTemper tantrums are a common expression of frustration and autonomy in toddlers during the 'terrible twos.'
#12
Which brain region is particularly involved in the processing of emotional stimuli in infants?
Amygdala
ExplanationThe amygdala is a key brain region involved in processing emotional stimuli and responses.
#13
What is the term for the ability of infants to differentiate between emotional expressions such as happiness and sadness?
Emotional discrimination
ExplanationEmotional discrimination refers to infants' ability to distinguish between different emotional expressions.
#14
What is the term for the ability of infants to understand and respond to the emotional expressions of others?
Emotional empathy
ExplanationEmotional empathy involves infants comprehending and reacting to others' emotional expressions.
#15
Which of the following is a potential consequence of emotional neglect in infancy?
Attachment disorders
ExplanationEmotional neglect in infancy can lead to attachment disorders, impacting social and emotional development.